nded-release tablets. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 effects of other drugs on ranolazine strong cyp3a inhibitors do not use ranolazine extended-release tablets with strong cyp3a inhibitors, including ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and saquinavir [see contraindications (4) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . moderate cyp3a inhibitors limit the dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets to 500 mg twice daily in patients on moderate cyp3a inhibitors, including diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin, fluconazole, and grapefruit juice or grapefruit-containing products [see dosage and administration (2.2) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . p-gp inhibitors concomitant use of ranolazine extended-release tablets and p-gp inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, may result in increases in ranolazine concentrations. titrate ranolazine extended-release tablets based on clinical response in patients concomitantly treated with predominant p-gp inhibitors such as cyclosporine [see dosage and administration (2.2) ] . cyp3a inducers do not use ranolazine extended-release tablets with cyp3a inducers such as rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and st. john’s wort [see contraindications (4) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.2 effects of ranolazine on other drugs drugs metabolized by cyp3a limit the dose of simvastatin in patients on any dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets to 20 mg once daily, when ranolazine is co-administered. dose adjustment of other sensitive cyp3a substrates (e.g., lovastatin) and cyp3a substrates with a narrow therapeutic range (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus) may be required as ranolazine extended-release tablets may increase plasma concentrations of these drugs [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . drugs transported by p-gp concomitant use of ranolazine and digoxin results in increased exposure to digoxin. the dose of digoxin may have to be adjusted [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . drugs metabolized by cyp2d6 the exposure to cyp2d6 substrates, such as tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, may be increased during co-administration with ranolazine extended-release tablets, and lower doses of these drugs may be required. drugs transported by oct2 in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, concomitant use of ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily and metformin results in increased plasma levels of metformin. when ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily is co-administered with metformin, metformin dose should not exceed 1700 mg/day. monitor blood glucose levels and risks associated with high exposures of metformin. metformin exposure was not significantly increased when given with ranolazine extended-release tablets 500 mg twice daily [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] .

nel variants resulting in a long qt interval, in patients with a family history of (or congenital) long qt syndrome, or in patients with known acquired qt interval prolongation. 5.2 renal failure acute renal failure has been observed in some patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance [crcl] < 30 ml/min) while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets. if acute renal failure develops (e.g., marked increase in serum creatinine associated with an increase in blood urea nitrogen [bun]), discontinue ranolazine extended-release tablets and treat appropriately [see use in specific populations (8.7) ] . monitor renal function after initiation and periodically in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (crcl < 60 ml/min) for increases in serum creatinine accompanied by an increase in bun.

rapamil, and erythromycin. use of ranolazine extended-release tablets with strong cyp3a inhibitors is contraindicated [see contraindications (4) , drug interactions (7.1) ]. use of p-gp inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, may increase exposure to ranolazine extended-release tablets. titrate ranolazine extended-release tablets based on clinical response [see drug interactions (7.1) ].

open-label, long-term studies; 1227 patients were exposed to ranolazine extended-release tablets for more than 1 year, 613 patients for more than 2 years, 531 patients for more than 3 years, and 326 patients for more than 4 years. at recommended doses, about 6% of patients discontinued treatment with ranolazine extended-release tablets because of an adverse event in controlled studies in angina patients compared to about 3% on placebo. the most common adverse events that led to discontinuation more frequently on ranolazine extended-release tablets than placebo were dizziness (1.3% versus 0.1%), nausea (1% versus 0%), asthenia, constipation, and headache (each about 0.5% versus 0%). doses above 1000 mg twice daily are poorly tolerated. in controlled clinical trials of angina patients, the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reactions (> 4% and more common on ranolazine extended-release tablets than on placebo) were dizziness (6.2%), headache (5.5%), constipation (4.5%), and nausea (4.4%). dizziness may be dose-related. in open-label, long-term treatment studies, a similar adverse reaction profile was observed. the following additional adverse reactions occurred at an incidence of 0.5 to 4.0% in patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets and were more frequent than the incidence observed in placebo-treated patients: cardiac disorders – bradycardia, palpitations ear and labyrinth disorders – tinnitus, vertigo eye disorders – blurred vision gastrointestinal disorders – abdominal pain, dry mouth, vomiting, dyspepsia general disorders and administrative site adverse events – asthenia, peripheral edema metabolism and nutrition disorders – anorexia nervous system disorders – syncope (vasovagal) psychiatric disorders – confusional state renal and urinary disorders – hematuria respiratory , thoracic, and mediastinal disorders – dyspnea skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders – hyperhidrosis vascular disorders – hypotension, orthostatic hypotension other (< 0.5%) but potentially medically important adverse reactions observed more frequently with ranolazine extended-release tablets than placebo treatment in all controlled studies included: angioedema, renal failure, eosinophilia, chromaturia, blood urea increased, hypoesthesia, paresthesia, tremor, pulmonary fibrosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and pancytopenia. a large clinical trial in acute coronary syndrome patients was unsuccessful in demonstrating a benefit for ranolazine extended-release tablets, but there was no apparent proarrhythmic effect in these high-risk patients [see clinical studies (14.2) ] . laboratory abnormalities: ranolazine extended-release tablets produces elevations of serum creatinine by 0.1 mg/dl, regardless of previous renal function, likely because of inhibition of creatinine’s tubular secretion. in general, the elevation has a rapid onset, shows no signs of progression during long-term therapy, is reversible after discontinuation of ranolazine extended-release tablets, and is not accompanied by changes in bun. in healthy volunteers, ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily had no effect upon the glomerular filtration rate. more marked and progressive increases in serum creatinine, associated with increases in bun or potassium, indicating acute renal failure, have been reported after initiation of ranolazine extended-release tablets in patients with severe renal impairment [see warnings and precautions (5.2) , use in specific populations (8.7) ] . 6.2 postmarketing experience the following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of ranolazine extended-release tablets. because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure: nervous system disorders – abnormal coordination, myoclonus, paresthesia, tremor, and other serious neurologic adverse events have been reported to occur, sometimes concurrently, in patients taking ranolazine. the onset of events was often associated with an increase in ranolazine dose or exposure. many patients reported symptom resolution following drug discontinuation or dose decrease. metabolism and nutrition disorders – cases of hypoglycemia have been reported in diabetic patients on antidiabetic medication. psychiatric disorders – hallucination renal and urinary disorders – dysuria, urinary retention skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders – angioedema, pruritus, rash

nded-release tablets. ( 7.2 ) 7.1 effects of other drugs on ranolazine strong cyp3a inhibitors do not use ranolazine extended-release tablets with strong cyp3a inhibitors, including ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and saquinavir [see contraindications (4) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . moderate cyp3a inhibitors limit the dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets to 500 mg twice daily in patients on moderate cyp3a inhibitors, including diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin, fluconazole, and grapefruit juice or grapefruit-containing products [see dosage and administration (2.2) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . p-gp inhibitors concomitant use of ranolazine extended-release tablets and p-gp inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, may result in increases in ranolazine concentrations. titrate ranolazine extended-release tablets based on clinical response in patients concomitantly treated with predominant p-gp inhibitors such as cyclosporine [see dosage and administration (2.2) ] . cyp3a inducers do not use ranolazine extended-release tablets with cyp3a inducers such as rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and st. john’s wort [see contraindications (4) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.2 effects of ranolazine on other drugs drugs metabolized by cyp3a limit the dose of simvastatin in patients on any dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets to 20 mg once daily, when ranolazine is co-administered. dose adjustment of other sensitive cyp3a substrates (e.g., lovastatin) and cyp3a substrates with a narrow therapeutic range (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus) may be required as ranolazine extended-release tablets may increase plasma concentrations of these drugs [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . drugs transported by p-gp concomitant use of ranolazine and digoxin results in increased exposure to digoxin. the dose of digoxin may have to be adjusted [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] . drugs metabolized by cyp2d6 the exposure to cyp2d6 substrates, such as tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, may be increased during co-administration with ranolazine extended-release tablets, and lower doses of these drugs may be required. drugs transported by oct2 in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, concomitant use of ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily and metformin results in increased plasma levels of metformin. when ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily is co-administered with metformin, metformin dose should not exceed 1700 mg/day. monitor blood glucose levels and risks associated with high exposures of metformin. metformin exposure was not significantly increased when given with ranolazine extended-release tablets 500 mg twice daily [see clinical pharmacology (12.3) ] .

an milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. however, ranolazine is present in rat milk [see use in specific populations (8.1) ] . the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for ranolazine extended-release tablets and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from ranolazine extended-release tablets or from the underlying maternal condition. adult female rats were administered ranolazine orally from gestation day 6 through postnatal day 20. no adverse effects on pup development, behavior, or reproduction parameters were observed at a maternal dosage level of 60 mg/kg/day (equal to the mhrd based on auc). at maternally toxic doses, male and female pups exhibited increased mortality and decreased body weight, and female pups showed increased motor activity. the pups were potentially exposed to low amounts of ranolazine via the maternal milk. 8.4 pediatric use safety and effectiveness have not been established in pediatric patients. 8.5 geriatric use of the chronic angina patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets in controlled studies, 496 (48%) were ? 65 years of age, and 114 (11%) were ? 75 years of age. no overall differences in efficacy were observed between older and younger patients. there were no differences in safety for patients ? 65 years compared to younger patients, but patients ? 75 years of age on ranolazine extended-release tablets, compared to placebo, had a higher incidence of adverse events, serious adverse events, and drug discontinuations due to adverse events. in general, dose selection for an elderly patient should usually start at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease, or other drug therapy. 8.6 use in patients with hepatic impairment ranolazine extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients with liver cirrhosis. in a study of cirrhotic patients, the c max of ranolazine was increased 30% in cirrhotic patients with mild (child-pugh class a) hepatic impairment, but increased 80% in cirrhotic patients with moderate (child-pugh class b) hepatic impairment compared to patients without hepatic impairment. this increase was not enough to account for the 3-fold increase in qt prolongation seen in cirrhotic patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment [see clinical pharmacology (12.2) ] . 8.7 use in patients with renal impairment a pharmacokinetic study of ranolazine extended-release tablets in subjects with severe renal impairment (crcl < 30 ml/min) was stopped when 2 of 4 subjects developed acute renal failure after receiving ranolazine extended-release tablets 500 mg twice daily for 5 days (lead-in phase) followed by 1000 mg twice a day (1 dose in one subject and 11 doses in the other). increases in creatinine, bun, and potassium were observed in 3 subjects during the 500 mg lead-in phase. one subject required hemodialysis, while the other 2 subjects improved upon drug discontinuation [see warnings and precautions (5.2) ] . monitor renal function periodically in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. discontinue ranolazine extended-release tablets if acute renal failure develops. in a separate study, c max was increased between 40% and 50% in patients with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment compared to patients with no renal impairment, suggesting a similar increase in exposure in patients with renal failure independent of the degree of impairment. the pharmacokinetics of ranolazine has not been assessed in patients on dialysis. 8.8 use in patients with heart failure heart failure (nyha class i to iv) had no significant effect on ranolazine pharmacokinetics. ranolazine extended-release tablets had minimal effects on heart rate and blood pressure in patients with angina and heart failure nyha class i to iv. no dose adjustment of ranolazine extended-release tablets is required in patients with heart failure. 8.9 use in patients with diabetes mellitus a population pharmacokinetic evaluation of data from angina patients and healthy subjects showed no effect of diabetes on ranolazine pharmacokinetics. no dose adjustment is required in patients with diabetes. ranolazine extended-release tablets produce small reductions in hba1c in patients with diabetes, the clinical significance of which is unknown. ranolazine extended-release tablets should not be considered a treatment for diabetes.

ii, diabetes, or reactive airway disease, and in elderly patients. electrocardiographic effects dose and plasma concentration-related increases in the qtc interval [see warnings and precautions (5.1) ] , reductions in t wave amplitude, and, in some cases, notched t waves, have been observed in patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets. these effects are believed to be caused by ranolazine and not by its metabolites. the relationship between the change in qtc and ranolazine plasma concentrations is linear, with a slope of about 2.6 msec/1000 ng/ml, through exposures corresponding to doses several-fold higher than the maximum recommended dose of 1000 mg twice daily. the variable blood levels attained after a given dose of ranolazine give a wide range of effects on qtc. at t max following repeat dosing at 1000 mg twice daily, the mean change in qtc is about 6 msec, but in the 5% of the population with the highest plasma concentrations, the prolongation of qtc is at least 15 msec. in cirrhotic subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment, the relationship between plasma level of ranolazine and qtc is much steeper [see contraindications (4) ] . age, weight, gender, race, heart rate, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and renal impairment did not alter the slope of the qtc-concentration relationship of ranolazine. no proarrhythmic effects were observed on 7-day holter recordings in 3162 acute coronary syndrome patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets. there was a significantly lower incidence of arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia, bradycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, and new atrial fibrillation) in patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets (80%) versus placebo (87%), including ventricular tachycardia ? 3 beats (52% versus 61%). however, this difference in arrhythmias did not lead to a reduction in mortality, a reduction in arrhythmia hospitalization, or a reduction in arrhythmia symptoms. 12.3 pharmacokinetics ranolazine is extensively metabolized in the gut and liver and its absorption is highly variable. for example, at a dose of 1000 mg twice daily, the mean steady-state c max was 2600 ng/ml with 95% confidence limits of 400 and 6100 ng/ml. the pharmacokinetics of the (+) r- and (-) s-enantiomers of ranolazine are similar in healthy volunteers. the apparent terminal half-life of ranolazine is 7 hours. steady state is generally achieved within 3 days of twice-daily dosing with ranolazine extended-release tablets. at steady state over the dose range of 500 to 1000 mg twice daily, c max and auc 0-? increase slightly more than proportionally to dose, 2.2- and 2.4-fold, respectively. with twice-daily dosing, the trough: peak ratio of the ranolazine plasma concentration is 0.3 to 0.6. the pharmacokinetics of ranolazine is unaffected by age, gender, or food. absorption and distribution after oral administration of ranolazine extended-release tablets, peak plasma concentrations of ranolazine are reached between 2 and 5 hours. after oral administration of 14 c-ranolazine as a solution, 73% of the dose is systemically available as ranolazine or metabolites. the bioavailability of ranolazine from ranolazine extended-release tablets relative to that from a solution of ranolazine is 76%. because ranolazine is a substrate of p-gp, inhibitors of p-gp may increase the absorption of ranolazine. food (high-fat breakfast) has no important effect on the c max and auc of ranolazine. therefore, ranolazine extended-release tablets may be taken without regard to meals. over the concentration range of 0.25 to 10 mcg/ml, ranolazine is approximately 62% bound to human plasma proteins. metabolism and excretion ranolazine is metabolized mainly by cyp3a and, to a lesser extent, by cyp2d6. following a single oral dose of ranolazine solution, approximately 75% of the dose is excreted in urine and 25% in feces. ranolazine is metabolized rapidly and extensively in the liver and intestine; less than 5% is excreted unchanged in urine and feces. the pharmacologic activity of the metabolites has not been well characterized. after dosing to steady state with 500 mg to 1500 mg twice daily, the four most abundant metabolites in plasma have auc values ranging from about 5 to 33% that of ranolazine, and display apparent half-lives ranging from 6 to 22 hours. drug interactions effect of other drugs on ranolazine in vitro data indicate that ranolazine is a substrate of cyp3a and, to a lesser degree, of cyp2d6. ranolazine is also a substrate of p-glycoprotein. strong cyp3a inhibitors plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily are increased by 220% when co-administered with ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily [see contraindications (4) ] . moderate cyp3a inhibitors plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily are increased by 50 to 130% by diltiazem 180 to 360 mg, respectively. plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 750 mg twice daily are increased by 100% by verapamil 120 mg three times daily [see drug interactions (7.1) ] . weak cyp3a inhibitors the weak cyp3a inhibitors simvastatin (20 mg once daily) and cimetidine (400 mg three times daily) do not increase the exposure to ranolazine in healthy volunteers. cyp3a inducers rifampin 600 mg once daily decreases the plasma concentrations of ranolazine (1000 mg twice daily) by approximately 95% [see contraindications (4) ] . cyp2d6 inhibitors paroxetine 20 mg once daily increased ranolazine concentrations by 20% in healthy volunteers receiving ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily. no dose adjustment of ranolazine extended-release tablets is required in patients treated with cyp2d6 inhibitors. digoxin plasma concentrations of ranolazine are not significantly altered by concomitant digoxin at 0.125 mg once daily. effect of ranolazine on other drugs in vitro ranolazine and its o-demethylated metabolite are weak inhibitors of cyp3a and moderate inhibitors of cyp2d6 and p-gp. in vitro ranolazine is an inhibitor of oct2. cyp3a substrates the plasma levels of simvastatin, a cyp3a substrate, and its active metabolite are increased by 100% in healthy volunteers receiving 80 mg once daily and ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily [see drug interactions (7.2) ] . mean exposure to atorvastatin (80 mg daily) is increased by 40% following co-administration with ranolazine extended-release tablets (1000 mg twice daily) in healthy volunteers. however, in one subject the exposure to atorvastatin and metabolites was increased by ~400% in the presence of ranolazine extended-release tablets. diltiazem the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem is not affected by ranolazine in healthy volunteers receiving diltiazem 60 mg three times daily and ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily. p-gp substrates ranolazine increases digoxin concentrations by 50% in healthy volunteers receiving ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily and digoxin 0.125 mg once daily [see drug interactions (7.2) ] . cyp2d6 substrates ranolazine extended-release tablets 750 mg twice daily increases the plasma concentrations of a single dose of immediate release metoprolol (100 mg), a cyp2d6 substrate, by 80% in extensive cyp2d6 metabolizers with no need for dose adjustment of metoprolol. in extensive metabolizers of dextromethorphan, a substrate of cyp2d6, ranolazine inhibits partially the formation of the main metabolite dextrorphan. oct2 substrates in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the exposure to metformin is increased by 40% and 80% following administration of ranolazine 500 mg twice daily and 1000 mg twice daily, respectively. if co-administered with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily, do not exceed metformin doses of 1700 mg/day [see drug interactions (7.2) ] .

ons of ranolazine are reached between 2 and 5 hours. after oral administration of 14 c-ranolazine as a solution, 73% of the dose is systemically available as ranolazine or metabolites. the bioavailability of ranolazine from ranolazine extended-release tablets relative to that from a solution of ranolazine is 76%. because ranolazine is a substrate of p-gp, inhibitors of p-gp may increase the absorption of ranolazine. food (high-fat breakfast) has no important effect on the c max and auc of ranolazine. therefore, ranolazine extended-release tablets may be taken without regard to meals. over the concentration range of 0.25 to 10 mcg/ml, ranolazine is approximately 62% bound to human plasma proteins. metabolism and excretion ranolazine is metabolized mainly by cyp3a and, to a lesser extent, by cyp2d6. following a single oral dose of ranolazine solution, approximately 75% of the dose is excreted in urine and 25% in feces. ranolazine is metabolized rapidly and extensively in the liver and intestine; less than 5% is excreted unchanged in urine and feces. the pharmacologic activity of the metabolites has not been well characterized. after dosing to steady state with 500 mg to 1500 mg twice daily, the four most abundant metabolites in plasma have auc values ranging from about 5 to 33% that of ranolazine, and display apparent half-lives ranging from 6 to 22 hours. drug interactions effect of other drugs on ranolazine in vitro data indicate that ranolazine is a substrate of cyp3a and, to a lesser degree, of cyp2d6. ranolazine is also a substrate of p-glycoprotein. strong cyp3a inhibitors plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily are increased by 220% when co-administered with ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily [see contraindications (4) ] . moderate cyp3a inhibitors plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily are increased by 50 to 130% by diltiazem 180 to 360 mg, respectively. plasma levels of ranolazine with ranolazine extended-release tablets 750 mg twice daily are increased by 100% by verapamil 120 mg three times daily [see drug interactions (7.1) ] . weak cyp3a inhibitors the weak cyp3a inhibitors simvastatin (20 mg once daily) and cimetidine (400 mg three times daily) do not increase the exposure to ranolazine in healthy volunteers. cyp3a inducers rifampin 600 mg once daily decreases the plasma concentrations of ranolazine (1000 mg twice daily) by approximately 95% [see contraindications (4) ] . cyp2d6 inhibitors paroxetine 20 mg once daily increased ranolazine concentrations by 20% in healthy volunteers receiving ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily. no dose adjustment of ranolazine extended-release tablets is required in patients treated with cyp2d6 inhibitors. digoxin plasma concentrations of ranolazine are not significantly altered by concomitant digoxin at 0.125 mg once daily. effect of ranolazine on other drugs in vitro ranolazine and its o-demethylated metabolite are weak inhibitors of cyp3a and moderate inhibitors of cyp2d6 and p-gp. in vitro ranolazine is an inhibitor of oct2. cyp3a substrates the plasma levels of simvastatin, a cyp3a substrate, and its active metabolite are increased by 100% in healthy volunteers receiving 80 mg once daily and ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily [see drug interactions (7.2) ] . mean exposure to atorvastatin (80 mg daily) is increased by 40% following co-administration with ranolazine extended-release tablets (1000 mg twice daily) in healthy volunteers. however, in one subject the exposure to atorvastatin and metabolites was increased by ~400% in the presence of ranolazine extended-release tablets. diltiazem the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem is not affected by ranolazine in healthy volunteers receiving diltiazem 60 mg three times daily and ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily. p-gp substrates ranolazine increases digoxin concentrations by 50% in healthy volunteers receiving ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily and digoxin 0.125 mg once daily [see drug interactions (7.2) ] . cyp2d6 substrates ranolazine extended-release tablets 750 mg twice daily increases the plasma concentrations of a single dose of immediate release metoprolol (100 mg), a cyp2d6 substrate, by 80% in extensive cyp2d6 metabolizers with no need for dose adjustment of metoprolol. in extensive metabolizers of dextromethorphan, a substrate of cyp2d6, ranolazine inhibits partially the formation of the main metabolite dextrorphan. oct2 substrates in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the exposure to metformin is increased by 40% and 80% following administration of ranolazine 500 mg twice daily and 1000 mg twice daily, respectively. if co-administered with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily, do not exceed metformin doses of 1700 mg/day [see drug interactions (7.2) ] .

nical significance of this finding is unclear. in male and female rats, oral administration of ranolazine that produced exposures (auc) approximately 3-fold or 5-fold higher, respectively, than the mrhd had no effect on fertility.

finding is unclear. in male and female rats, oral administration of ranolazine that produced exposures (auc) approximately 3-fold or 5-fold higher, respectively, than the mrhd had no effect on fertility.

lts (carisa) a p-value ? 0.05 b p-value ? 0.005 mean difference from placebo (sec) study carisa (n = 791) ranolazine extended-release tablets twice-daily dose 750 mg 1000 mg exercise duration trough peak 24 a 34 b 24 a 26 a time to angina trough peak 30 a 38 b 26 a 38 b time to 1 mm st-segment depression trough peak 20 41 b 21 35 b the effects of ranolazine extended-release tablets on angina frequency and nitroglycerin use are shown in table 2. table 2 angina frequency and nitroglycerin use (carisa) a twice daily placebo ranolazine extended-release tablets 750 mg a ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg a angina frequency (attacks/week) n 258 272 261 mean 3.3 2.5 2.1 p-value vs placebo - 0.006 <0.001 nitroglycerin use (doses/week) n 252 262 244 mean 3.1 2.1 1.8 p-value vs placebo - 0.016 <0.001 tolerance to ranolazine extended-release tablets did not develop after 12 weeks of therapy. rebound increases in angina, as measured by exercise duration, have not been observed following abrupt discontinuation of ranolazine extended-release tablets. ranolazine extended-release tablets has been evaluated in patients with chronic angina who remained symptomatic despite treatment with the maximum dose of an antianginal agent. in the erica (efficacy of ranolazine in chronic angina) trial, 565 patients were randomized to receive an initial dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets 500 mg twice daily or placebo for 1 week, followed by 6 weeks of treatment with ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily or placebo, in addition to concomitant treatment with amlodipine 10 mg once daily. in addition, 45% of the study population also received long-acting nitrates. sublingual nitrates were used as needed to treat angina episodes. results are shown in table 3. statistically significant decreases in angina attack frequency (p = 0.028) and nitroglycerin use (p = 0.014) were observed with ranolazine extended-release tablets compared to placebo. these treatment effects appeared consistent across age and use of long-acting nitrates. table 3 angina frequency and nitroglycerin use (erica) a 1000 mg twice daily placebo ranolazine extended-release tablets a angina frequency (attacks/week) n 281 277 mean 4.3 3.3 median 2.4 2.2 nitroglycerin use (doses/week) n 281 277 mean 3.6 2.7 median 1.7 1.3 gender effects on angina frequency and exercise tolerance were considerably smaller in women than in men. in carisa, the improvement in exercise tolerance test (ett) in females was about 33% of that in males at the 1000 mg twice-daily dose level. in erica, where the primary endpoint was angina attack frequency, the mean reduction in weekly angina attacks was 0.3 for females and 1.3 for males. race there were insufficient numbers of non-caucasian patients to allow for analyses of efficacy or safety by racial subgroup. 14.2 lack of benefit in acute coronary syndrome in a large (n = 6560) placebo-controlled trial (merlin-timi 36) in patients with acute coronary syndrome, there was no benefit shown on outcome measures. however, the study is somewhat reassuring regarding proarrhythmic risks, as ventricular arrhythmias were less common on ranolazine [see clinical pharmacology (12.2) ] , and there was no difference between ranolazine extended-release tablets and placebo in the risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk ranolazine:placebo 0.99 with an upper 95% confidence limit of 1.22).

grapefruit products advise patients to inform their physician if they are receiving drugs that are moderate cyp3a inhibitors (e.g., diltiazem, verapamil, erythromycin) [see drug interactions (7) ] . advise patients to inform their physician if they are receiving drugs that are p-gp inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine) [see drug interactions (7) ] . advise patients to limit grapefruit juice or grapefruit products when taking ranolazine extended-release tablets [see drug interactions (7) ] . qt interval prolongation inform patients that ranolazine extended-release tablets may produce changes in the electrocardiogram (qtc interval prolongation) [see warnings and precautions (5.1) ] . advise patients to inform their physician of any personal or family history of qtc prolongation, congenital long qt syndrome, or if they are receiving drugs that prolong the qtc interval such as class ia (e.g., quinidine) or class iii (e.g., dofetilide, sotalol, amiodarone) antiarrhythmic agents, erythromycin, and certain antipsychotics (e.g., thioridazine, ziprasidone) [see warnings and precautions (5.1) ] . use in patients with renal impairment patients with severe renal impairment may be at risk of renal failure while on ranolazine extended-release tablets. advise patients to inform their physician if they have impaired renal function before or while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets [see warnings and precautions (5.2) ] . dizziness, fainting inform patients that ranolazine extended-release tablets may cause dizziness and lightheadedness. patients should know how they react to ranolazine extended-release tablets before they operate an automobile or machinery, or engage in activities requiring mental alertness or coordination [see adverse reactions (6.1) ] . advise patients to contact their physician if they experience fainting spells while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets. administration instruct patients to swallow ranolazine extended-release tablets whole, with or without meals, and not to crush, break, or chew tablets. inform patients that if a dose is missed, to take the usual dose at the next scheduled time. the next dose should not be doubled. inform patients that doses of ranolazine extended-release tablets higher than 1000 mg twice daily should not be used [see dosage and administration (2) ] . advise patients to inform their physician of any other medications taken concurrently with ranolazine extended-release tablets, including over-the-counter medications.

x ® , onmel tm ) for infection: clarithromycin (biaxin ® ) for depression: nefazodone for hiv: nelfinavir (viracept ® ), ritonavir (norvir ® ), lopinavir and ritonavir (kaletra ® ), indinavir (crixivan ® ), saquinavir (invirase ® ) for tuberculosis (tb): rifampin (rifadin ® ), rifabutin (mycobutin ® ), rifapentine (priftin ® ) for seizures: phenobarbital, phenytoin (phenytek ® , dilantin ® , dilantin-125 ® ), carbamazepine (tegretol ® ) st. john’s wort ( hypericum perforatum ) you have scarring (cirrhosis) of your liver what should i tell my doctor before taking ranolazine extended-release tablets? before you take ranolazine extended-release tablets, tell your doctor if you: have or have a family history of a heart problem, called ‘qt prolongation’ or ‘long qt syndrome’. have liver problems. have kidney problems. are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. it is not known if ranolazine extended-release tablets will harm your unborn baby. are breast-feeding or plan to breast-feed. it is not known if ranolazine passes into your breast milk. you and your doctor should decide if you will breast-feed. tell your doctor about all the medicines you take , including all prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. ranolazine extended-release tablets may affect the way other medicines work and other medicines may affect how ranolazine extended-release tablets work. tell your doctor if you take medicines: for your heart for cholesterol for diabetes for infection for fungus for transplant for nausea and vomiting because of cancer treatments for mental problems know the medicines you take. keep a list of them to show your doctor or pharmacist when you get a new medicine. how should i take ranolazine extended-release tablets? take ranolazine extended-release tablets exactly as your doctor tells you. your doctor will tell you how much ranolazine to take and when to take it. do not change your dose unless your doctor tells you to. tell your doctor if you still have symptoms of angina after starting ranolazine extended-release tablets. take ranolazine extended-release tablets by mouth, with or without food. swallow the ranolazine extended-release tablets whole. do not crush, break, or chew ranolazine extended-release tablets before swallowing. if you miss a dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets, wait to take the next dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets at your regular time. do not make up for the missed dose. do not take more than 1 dose at a time. if you take too much ranolazine, call your doctor, or go to the nearest emergency room right away. what should i avoid while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets? grapefruit and grapefruit juice. limit products that have grapefruit in them. they can cause your blood levels of ranolazine extended-release tablets to increase. ranolazine extended-release tablets can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. if you have these symptoms, do not drive a car, use machinery, or do anything that needs you to be alert. what are the possible side effects of ranolazine extended-release tablets? ranolazine extended-release tablets may cause serious side effects, including: changes in the electrical activity of your heart called qt prolongation. your doctor may check the electrical activity of your heart with an ecg. tell your doctor right away if you feel faint, lightheaded, or feel your heart beating irregularly or fast while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets. these may be symptoms related to qt prolongation. kidney failure in people who already have severe kidney problems. your doctor may need to do tests to check how your kidneys are working. the most common side effects of ranolazine extended-release tablets include: dizziness headache constipation nausea tell your doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or does not go away. these are not all the possible side effects of ranolazine extended-release tablets. for more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist. call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. you may report side effects to fda at 1-800-fda-1088. how should i store ranolazine extended-release tablets? store ranolazine extended-release tablets at room temperature between 20° to 25°c (68° to 77°f). keep ranolazine extended-release tablets and all medicines out of the reach of children. general information about ranolazine extended-release tablets. medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in the patient information. do not use ranolazine extended-release tablets for a condition for which it was not prescribed. do not give ranolazine extended-release tablets to other people, even if they have the same condition you have. they may harm them. the patient information summarizes the most important information about ranolazine extended-release tablets. if you would like more information, talk with your doctor. you can ask your pharmacist or doctor for information about ranolazine extended-release tablets that is written for health professionals. for more information, call aurobindo pharma usa, inc. at 1-866-850-2876. what is chronic angina? chronic angina means pain or discomfort in the chest, jaw, shoulder, back, or arm that keeps coming back. there are other possible signs and symptoms of angina including shortness of breath. angina usually comes on when you are active or under stress. chronic angina is a symptom of a heart problem called coronary heart disease (chd), also known as coronary artery disease (cad). when you have chd, the blood vessels in your heart become stiff and narrow. oxygen-rich blood cannot reach your heart muscle easily. angina comes on when too little oxygen reaches your heart muscle. what are the ingredients in ranolazine extended-release tablets? active ingredient: ranolazine inactive ingredients: hypromellose, iron oxide yellow, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer type c (which contains copolymer based on ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid, polysorbate 80 and sodium lauryl sulfate), microcrystalline cellulose, sodium hydroxide, titanium dioxide and triacetin. in addition, 500 mg tablets contain fd&c yellow # 6/sunset yellow fcf aluminum lake and iron oxide red. this patient information has been approved by the u.s. food and drug administration. distributed by: aurobindo pharma usa, inc. 279 princeton-hightstown road east windsor, nj 08520 manufactured by: aurobindo pharma limited hyderabad-500 032, india issued: december 2022