Product Elements:
Ofloxacin ofloxacin starch, corn hydroxypropyl cellulose hypromellose 2208 (3 mpa.s) hypromellose 2910 (6 mpa.s) magnesium stearate anhydrous lactose polyethylene glycol 400 polysorbate 80 sodium starch glycolate type a potato titanium dioxide ofloxacin ofloxacin ll713 modified, biconvex
Drug Interactions:
Drug interactions antacids, sucralfate, metal cations, multivitamins: quinolones form chelates with alkaline earth and transition metal cations. administration of quinolones with antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum, with sucralfate, with divalent or trivalent cations such as iron, or with multivitamins containing zinc or with didanosine, chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution may substantially interfere with the absorption of quinolones resulting in systemic levels considerably lower than desired. these agents should not be taken within the two-hour period before or within the two-hour period after ofloxacin administration (see dosage and administration ). caffeine: interactions between ofloxacin and caffeine have not been detected. cimetidine: cimetidine has demonstrated interference with the elimination of some quinolones. this interference has resulted in significant increases in half-life and auc of some quinolones. the potential for int
Read more...eraction between ofloxacin and cimetidine has not been studied. cyclosporine: elevated serum levels of cyclosporine have been reported with concomitant use of cyclosporine with some other quinolones. the potential for interaction between ofloxacin and cyclosporine has not been studied. drugs metabolized by cytochrome p450 enzymes: most quinolone antimicrobial drugs inhibit cytochrome p450 enzyme activity. this may result in a prolonged half-life for some drugs that are also metabolized by this system (e.g., cyclosporine, theophylline/methylxanthines, warfarin) when coadministered with quinolones. the extent of this inhibition varies among different quinolones (see other drug interactions ). non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the concomitant administration of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a quinolone, including ofloxacin, may increase the risk of cns stimulation and convulsive seizures (see warnings and precautions, general ). probenecid: the concomitant use of probenecid with certain other quinolones has been reported to affect renal tubular secretion. the effect of probenecid on the elimination of ofloxacin has not been studied. theophylline: steady-state theophylline levels may increase when ofloxacin and theophylline are administered concurrently. as with other quinolones, concomitant administration of ofloxacin may prolong the half-life of theophylline, elevate serum theophylline levels, and increase the risk of theophylline-related adverse reactions. theophylline levels should be closely monitored and theophylline dosage adjustments made, if appropriate, when ofloxacin is co administered. adverse reactions (including seizures) may occur with or without an elevation in the serum theophylline level (see warnings and precautions, general ). warfarin: some quinolones have been reported to enhance the effects of the oral anticoagulant warfarin or its derivatives. therefore, if a quinolone antimicrobial is administered concomitantly with warfarin or its derivatives, the prothrombin time or other suitable coagulation test should be closely monitored. antidiabetic agents (e.g., insulin, glyburide/glibenclamide): since disturbances of blood glucose, including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, have been reported in patients treated concurrently with quinolones and an antidiabetic agent, careful monitoring of blood glucose is recommended when these agents are used concomitantly (see precautions, general and information for patients ). interaction with laboratory or diagnostic testing some quinolones, including ofloxacin, may produce false-positive urine screening results for opiates using commercially available immunoassay kits. confirmation of positive opiate screens by more specific methods may be necessary. carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility long-term studies to determine the carcinogenic potential of ofloxacin have not been conducted. ofloxacin was not mutagenic in the ames bacterial test, in vitro and in vivo cytogenetic assay, sister chromatid exchange (chinese hamster and human cell lines), unscheduled dna repair (uds) using human fibroblasts, dominant lethal assays, or mouse micronucleus assay. ofloxacin was positive in the uds test using rat hepatocytes and mouse lymphoma assay.
Boxed Warning:
Warning: serious adverse reactions including tendinitis, tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, central nervous system effects and exacerbation of myasthenia gravis fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions that have occurred together, including: tendinitis and tendon rupture peripheral neuropathy central nervous system effects (see warnings ) discontinue ofloxacin immediately and avoid the use of fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in patients who experience any of these serious adverse reactions (see warnings ). fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. avoid ofloxacin in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis (see warnings ). because fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with serious adverse reactions (see warnings ), reserve ofloxacin for use in patients who have no alternative treatment options for the following indications: acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis uncomplicated cystitis (see indications and usage )
Indications and Usage:
Indications and usage to reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of ofloxacin tablets and other antibacterial drugs, ofloxacin tablets should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. when culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. in the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy. ofloxacin tablets are indicated for the treatment of adults with mild to moderate infections (unless otherwise indicated) caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the infections listed below. please see dosage and administration for specific recommendations. acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (abecb) due to haemophilus influenzae or streptococcus pneumoniae . because fluoroquinolones, inclu
Read more...ding ofloxacin, have been associated with serious adverse reactions (see warnings ), and for some patients abecb is self-limiting, reserve ofloxacin for treatment of abecb in patients who have no alternative treatment options. community-acquired pneumonia due to haemophilus influenzae or streptococcus pneumoniae. uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections due to methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes , or proteus mirabilis . acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea due to neisseria gonorrhoeae (see warnings ). nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis due to chlamydia trachomatis (see warnings ). mixed infections of the urethra and cervix due to chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae (see warnings ). acute pelvic inflammatory disease (including severe infection) due to chlamydia trachomatis and/or neisseria gonorrhoeae (see warnings ). note: if anaerobic microorganisms are suspected of contributing to the infection, appropriate therapy for anaerobic pathogens should be administered. uncomplicated cystitis due to citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, or pseudomonas aeruginosa. because fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with serious adverse reactions (see warnings ), and for some patients uncomplicated cystitis is self-limiting, reserve ofloxacin for treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in patients who have no alternative treatment options. complicated urinary tract infections due to escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, citrobacter diversus, * or pseudomonas aeruginosa .* prostatitis due to escherichia coli . * = although treatment of infections due to this organism in this organ system demonstrated a clinically significant outcome, efficacy was studied in fewer than 10 patients. appropriate culture and susceptibility tests should be performed before treatment in order to isolate and identify organisms causing the infection and to determine their susceptibility to ofloxacin, usp. therapy with ofloxacin, usp may be initiated before results of these tests are known; once results become available, appropriate therapy should be continued. as with other drugs in this class, some strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa may develop resistance fairly rapidly during treatment with ofloxacin, usp. culture and susceptibility testing performed periodically during therapy will provide information not only on the therapeutic effect of the antimicrobial agent but also on the possible emergence of bacterial resistance.
Warnings:
Warnings disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions including tendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and central nervous system effects: fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions from different body systems that can occur together in the same patient. commonly seen adverse reactions include tendinitis, tendon rupture, arthralgia, myalgia, peripheral neuropathy, and central nervous system effects (hallucinations, anxiety, depression, insomnia, severe headaches, and confusion). these reactions can occur within hours to weeks after starting ofloxacin. patients of any age or without pre-existing risk factors have experienced these adverse reactions (see warnings ) discontinue ofloxacin immediately at the first signs or symptoms of any serious adverse reaction. in addition, avoid the use of fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in patients who have experienced any of
Read more... these serious adverse reactions associated with fluoroquinolones. tendinitis and tendon rupture: fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages. this adverse reaction most frequently involves the achilles tendon, and rupture of the achilles tendon and has been reported with the rotator cuff (the shoulder), the hand, the biceps, the thumb, and other tendons. tendinitis or tendon rupture can occur within hours or days of starting ofloxacin, or as long as several months after completion of fluoroquinolone therapy. tendinitis and tendon rupture can occur bilaterally. the risk of developing fluoroquinolone-associated tendinitis and tendon rupture is increased in patients over 60 years of age, in those taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with kidney, heart or lung transplants. other factors that may independently increase the risk of tendon rupture include strenuous physical activity, renal failure, and previous tendon disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. tendinitis and tendon rupture have been reported in patients taking fluoroquinolones who do not have the above risk factors. discontinue ofloxacin immediately if the patient experiences pain, swelling, inflammation or rupture of a tendon. avoid fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in patients who have a history of tendon disorders or have experienced tendinitis or tendon rupture (see adverse reactions ). patients should be advised to rest at the first sign of tendinitis or tendon rupture, and to contact their healthcare provider regarding changing to a non-quinolone antimicrobial drug. peripheral neuropathy: fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy. cases of sensory or sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy affecting small and/or large axons resulting in paresthesias, hypoesthesias, dysesthesias and weakness have been reported in patients receiving fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin. symptoms may occur soon after initiation of norfloxacin and may be irreversible in some patients (see warnings ). discontinue ofloxacin immediately if the patient experiences symptoms of peripheral neuropathy including pain, burning, tingling, numbness, and/or weakness, or other alterations in sensations including light touch, pain, temperature, position sense and vibratory sensation, and/or motor strength in order to minimize the development of an irreversible condition. avoid fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, in patients who have previously experienced peripheral neuropathy (see adverse reactions ). central nervous system effects: psychiatric adverse reactions: fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with an increased risk of psychiatric adverse reactions, including toxic psychoses or hallucinations; agitation; delirium, confusion, disorientation, or disturbances in attention; nervousness or restlessness, memory impairment. if these reactions occur in patients receiving ofloxacin, the drug should be discontinued and appropriate measures instituted. central nervous system adverse reactions: fluoroquinolones have been associated with an increased risk of seizures (convulsions), increased intracranial pressure (pseudotumor cerebri), lightheadedness, or tremors. the effects of ofloxacin on brain function or on the electrical activity of the brain have not been tested. therefore, until more information becomes available, ofloxacin, like all other quinolones, should be used with caution in patients with known or suspected cns disorders, such as severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy, and other factors which predispose to seizures (see adverse reactions ). exacerbation of myasthenia gravis: fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin, have neuromuscular blocking activity and may exacerbate muscle weakness in persons with myasthenia gravis. postmarketing serious adverse events, including deaths and requirement for ventilatory support, have been associated with fluoroquinolone use in persons with myasthenia gravis. avoid ofloxacin in patients with known history of myasthenia gravis (see precautions, information for patients , and adverse reactions, postmarketing adverse events ). the safety and efficacy of ofloxacin in pediatric patients and adolescents (under the age of 18 years), pregnant women, and lactating women have not been established (see precautions, pediatric use , pregnancy , and nursing mothers subsections). in the immature rat, the oral administration of ofloxacin at 5 to 16 times the recommended maximum human dose based on mg/kg or 1 to 3 times based on mg/m 2 increased the incidence and severity of osteochondrosis. the lesions did not regress after 13 weeks of drug withdrawal. other quinolones also produce similar erosions in the weight-bearing joints and other signs of arthropathy in immature animals of various species (see animal pharmacology ). hypersensitivity reactions: serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity and/or anaphylactic reactions have been reported in patients receiving therapy with quinolones, including ofloxacin. these reactions often occur following the first dose. some reactions have been accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, hypotension/shock, seizure, loss of consciousness, tingling, angioedema (including tongue, laryngeal, throat, or facial edema/swelling), airway obstruction (including bronchospasm, shortness of breath, and acute respiratory distress), dyspnea, urticaria, itching, and other serious skin reactions. this drug should be discontinued immediately at the first appearance of a skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity. serious acute hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with epinephrine and other resuscitative measures, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, antihistamines, corticosteroids, pressor amines, and airway management, as clinically indicated (see precautions and adverse reactions ). other serious and sometimes fatal events, some due to hypersensitivity, and some due to uncertain etiology, have been reported rarely in patients receiving therapy with quinolones, including ofloxacin. these events may be severe and generally occur following the administration of multiple doses. clinical manifestations may include one or more of the following: fever, rash, or severe dermatologic reactions (e.g., toxic epidermal necrolysis, stevens-johnson syndrome); vasculitis; arthralgia; myalgia; serum sickness; allergic pneumonitis; interstitial nephritis; acute renal insufficiency or failure; hepatitis; jaundice; acute hepatic necrosis or failure; anemia, including hemolytic and aplastic; thrombocytopenia, including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; leukopenia; agranulocytosis; pancytopenia; and/or other hematologic abnormalities. the drug should be discontinued immediately at the first appearance of skin rash, jaundice, or any other sign of hypersensitivity and supportive measures instituted (see precautions, information for patients and adverse reactions ). risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection epidemiologic studies report an increased rate of aortic aneurysm and dissection within two months following use of fluoroquinolones, particularly in elderly patients. the cause for the increased risk has not been identified. in patients with a known aortic aneurysm or patients who are at greater risk for aortic aneurysms, reserve ofloxacin for use only when there are no alternative antibacterial treatments available. clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (cdad) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including ofloxacin tablets, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis. treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon leading to overgrowth of c. difficile . c. difficile produces toxins a and b which contribute to the development of cdad. hypertoxin producing strains of c. difficile cause increased morbidity and mortality, as these infections can be refractory to antimicrobial therapy and may require colectomy. cdad must be considered in all patients who present with diarrhea following antibiotic use. careful medical history is necessary since cdad has been reported to occur over two months after the administration of antibacterial agents. if cdad is suspected or confirmed, ongoing antibiotic use not directed against c. difficile may need to be discontinued. appropriate fluid and electrolyte management, protein supplementation, antibiotic treatment of c. difficile, and surgical evaluation should be instituted as clinically indicated (see adverse reactions ). ofloxacin has not been shown to be effective in the treatment of syphilis. fluoroquinolones have been associated with disturbances of blood glucose, including symptomatic hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, usually in diabetic patients receiving concomitant treatment with an oral hypoglycemic agent (e.g., glyburide) or with insulin. in these patients, careful monitoring of blood glucose is recommended. severe cases of hypoglycemia resulting in coma or death have been reported. if a hypoglycemic reaction occurs in a patient being treated with ofloxacin, discontinue ofloxacin and initiate appropriate therapy immediately. antimicrobial agents used in high doses for short periods of time to treat gonorrhea may mask or delay the symptoms of incubating syphilis. all patients with gonorrhea should have a serologic test for syphilis at the time of diagnosis. patients treated with ofloxacin for gonorrhea should have a follow-up serologic test for syphilis after three months and, if positive, treatment with an appropriate antimicrobial should be instituted.
General Precautions:
General prescribing ofloxacin tablets in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection or a prophylactic indication is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria. adequate hydration of patients receiving ofloxacin should be maintained to prevent the formation of a highly concentrated urine. administer ofloxacin with caution in the presence of renal or hepatic insufficiency/impairment. in patients with known or suspected renal or hepatic insufficiency/impairment, careful clinical observation and appropriate laboratory studies should be performed prior to and during therapy since elimination of ofloxacin may be reduced. in patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance ⤠50 mg/ml), alteration of the dosage regimen is necessary (see clinical pharmacology and dosage and administration ). moderate to severe photosensitivity/phototoxicity reactions, the latter of which may manifest as e
Read more...xaggerated sunburn reactions (e.g., burning, erythema, exudation, vesicles, blistering, edema) involving areas exposed to light (typically the face, âvâ area of the neck, extensor surfaces of the forearms, dorsa of the hands), can be associated with the use of quinolones after sun or uv light exposure. therefore, excessive exposure to these sources of light should be avoided. drug therapy should be discontinued if photosensitivity/phototoxicity occurs (see adverse reactions , postmarketing adverse events ). as with other quinolones, ofloxacin should be used with caution in any patient with a known or suspected cns disorder that may predispose to seizures or lower the seizure threshold (e.g., severe cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy) or in the presence of other risk factors that may predispose to seizures or lower the seizure threshold (e.g., certain drug therapy, renal dysfunction) (see warnings and drug interactions ). a possible interaction between oral hypoglycemic drugs (e.g., glyburide/glibenclamide) or with insulin and fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents have been reported resulting in a potentiation of the hypoglycemic action of these drugs, sometimes resulting in coma or death. the mechanism for this interaction is not known. if a hypoglycemic reaction occurs in a patient being treated with ofloxacin, discontinue ofloxacin immediately and consult a physician (see drug interactions and adverse reactions ). as with any potent drug, periodic assessment of organ system functions, including renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic, is advisable during prolonged therapy (see warnings and adverse reactions ). torsades de pointes some quinolones, including ofloxacin, have been associated with prolongation of the qt interval on the electrocardiogram and infrequent cases of arrhythmia. rare cases of torsade de pointes have been spontaneously reported during postmarketing surveillance in patients receiving quinolones, including ofloxacin. ofloxacin should be avoided in patients with known prolongation of the qt interval, patients with uncorrected hypokalemia, and patients receiving class ia (quinidine, procainamide), or class iii (amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic agents.
Dosage and Administration:
Dosage and administration the usual dose of ofloxacin tablets, usp is 200 mg to 400 mg orally every 12 h as described in the following dosing chart. these recommendations apply to patients with normal renal function (i.e., creatinine clearance > 50 ml/min). for patients with altered renal function (i.e., creatinine clearance ⤠50 ml/min), see the patients with impaired renal function subsection. infection â unit dose frequency duration daily dose â due to the designated pathogens (see indications and usage ). acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis 400 mg q12h 10 days 800 mg comm. acquired pneumonia 400 mg q12h 10 days 800 mg uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections 400 mg q12h 10 days 800 mg acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea 400 mg single dose 1 day 400 mg nongonococcal cervicitis/urethritis due to c. trachomatis 300 mg q12h 7 days 600 mg mixed infection of the urethra and cervix due to c. trachomatis and n. gonorrhoeae 300 mg q12h
Read more...7 days 600 mg acute pelvic inflammatory disease 400 mg q12h 10 to 14 days 800 mg uncomplicated cystitis due to e. coli or k. pneumoniae 200 mg q12h 3 days 400 mg uncomplicated cystitis due to other approved pathogens 200 mg q12h 7 days 400 mg complicated utiâs 200 mg q12h 10 days 400 mg prostatitis due to e. coli 300 mg q12h 6 weeks 600 mg antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum; sucralfate; divalent or trivalent cations such as iron; or multivitamins containing zinc; or didanosine, chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution should not be taken within the two-hour period before or within the two-hour period after taking ofloxacin (see precautions ). patients with impaired renal function dosage should be adjusted for patients with a creatinine clearance ⤠50 ml/min. after a normal initial dose , dosage should be adjusted as follows: creatinine clearance maintenance dose frequency 20 to 50 ml/min the usual recommended unit dose q24h < 20 ml/min ½ the usual recommended unit dose q24h when only the serum creatinine is known, the following formula may be used to estimate creatinine clearance. women: 0.85 à the value calculated for men. the serum creatinine should represent a steady-state of renal function. patients with cirrhosis the excretion of ofloxacin may be reduced in patients with severe liver function disorders (e.g., cirrhosis with or without ascites). a maximum dose of 400 mg of ofloxacin per day should therefore not be exceeded. figure-03
Contraindications:
Contraindications ofloxacin tablets are contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity associated with the use of ofloxacin or any member of the quinolone group of antimicrobial agents.
Adverse Reactions:
Adverse reactions the following is a compilation of the data for ofloxacin based on clinical experience with both the oral and intravenous formulations. the incidence of drug-related adverse reactions in patients during phase 2 and 3 clinical trials was 11%. among patients receiving multiple-dose therapy, 4% discontinued ofloxacin due to adverse experiences. in clinical trials, the following events were considered likely to be drug-related in patients receiving multiple doses of ofloxacin: nausea 3%, insomnia 3%, headache 1%, dizziness 1%, diarrhea 1%, vomiting 1%, rash 1%, pruritus 1%, external genital pruritus in women 1%, vaginitis 1%, dysgeusia 1%. in clinical trials, the most frequently reported adverse events, regardless of relationship to drug, were: nausea 10%, headache 9%, insomnia 7%, external genital pruritus in women 6%, dizziness 5%, vaginitis 5%, diarrhea 4%, vomiting 4%. in clinical trials, the following events, regardless of relationship to drug, occurred in 1 to 3% of
Read more...patients: abdominal pain and cramps, chest pain, decreased appetite, dry mouth, dysgeusia, fatigue, flatulence, gastrointestinal distress, nervousness, pharyngitis, pruritus, fever, rash, sleep disorders, somnolence, trunk pain, vaginal discharge, visual disturbances, and constipation. additional events, occurring in clinical trials at a rate of less than 1%, regardless of relationship to drug, were: body as a whole: asthenia, chills, malaise, extremity pain, pain, epistaxis cardiovascular system: cardiac arrest, edema, hypertension, hypotension, palpitations, vasodilation gastrointestinal system: dyspepsia genital/reproductive system: burning, irritation, pain and rash of the female genitalia; dysmenorrhea; menorrhagia; metrorrhagia musculoskeletal system: arthralgia, myalgia nervous system: seizures, anxiety, cognitive change, depression, dream abnormality, euphoria, hallucinations, paresthesia, syncope, vertigo, tremor, confusion nutritional/metabolic: thirst, weight loss respiratory system: respiratory arrest, cough, rhinorrhea skin/hypersensitivity: angioedema, diaphoresis, urticaria, vasculitis special senses: decreased hearing acuity, tinnitus, photophobia urinary system: dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary retention the following laboratory abnormalities appeared in ⥠1.0% of patients receiving multiple doses of ofloxacin. it is not known whether these abnormalities were caused by the drug or the underlying conditions being treated. hematopoietic: anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, increased band forms, lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, elevated esr hepatic: elevated: alkaline phosphatase, ast (sgot), alt (sgpt) serum chemistry: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, elevated creatinine, elevated bun urinary: glucosuria, proteinuria, alkalinuria, hyposthenuria, hematuria, pyuria postmarketing adverse events additional adverse events, regardless of relationship to drug, reported from worldwide marketing experience with quinolones, including ofloxacin: clinical cardiovascular system: cerebral thrombosis, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, hypotension/shock, syncope, torsades de pointes endocrine/metabolic: hyper- or hypoglycemia, especially in diabetic patients on insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents (see precautions, general and drug interactions ). gastrointestinal system: hepatic dysfunction including: hepatic necrosis, jaundice (cholestatic or hepatocellular), hepatitis; intestinal perforation; hepatic failure (including fatal cases); pseudomembranous colitis (the onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antimicrobial treatment), gi hemorrhage; hiccough, painful oral mucosa, pyrosis (see warnings ). genital/reproductive system: vaginal candidiasis hematopoietic: anemia, including hemolytic and aplastic; hemorrhage, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, reversible bone marrow depression, thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, petechiae, ecchymosis/bruising (see warnings ) . musculoskeletal: tendinitis/ rupture; weakness; rhabdomyolysis (see warnings ). nervous system: nightmares; suicidal thoughts or acts, disorientation, psychotic reactions, paranoia; phobia, agitation, restlessness, aggressiveness/hostility, manic reaction, emotional lability; peripheral neuropathy that may be irreversible, ataxia, incoordination; exacerbation of myasthenia gravis and extrapyramidal disorders; dysphasia, lightheadedness (see warnings and precautions ). respiratory system: dyspnea, bronchospasm, allergic pneumonitis, stridor (see warnings ). skin/hypersensitivity: anaphylactic (-toid) reactions/shock; purpura, serum sickness, erythema multiforme/stevens-johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, toxic epidermal necrolysis, conjunctivitis, photosensitivity/phototoxicity reaction, vesiculobullous eruption (see warnings and precautions ). special senses: diplopia, nystagmus, blurred vision, disturbances of: taste, smell, hearing and equilibrium, usually reversible following discontinuation urinary system: anuria, polyuria, renal calculi, renal failure, interstitial nephritis, hematuria (see warnings and precautions ). laboratory hematopoietic: prolongation of prothrombin time serum chemistry: acidosis, elevation of: serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, serum potassium, liver function tests including: ggtp, ldh, bilirubin urinary: albuminuria, candiduria in clinical trials using multiple-dose therapy, ophthalmologic abnormalities, including cataracts and multiple punctate lenticular opacities, have been noted in patients undergoing treatment with other quinolones. the relationship of the drugs to these events is not presently established. crystalluria and cylindruria have been reported with other quinolones.
Adverse Reactions Table:
| Body as a Whole: | asthenia, chills, malaise, extremity pain, pain, epistaxis |
| Cardiovascular System: | cardiac arrest, edema, hypertension, hypotension, palpitations, vasodilation |
| Gastrointestinal System: | dyspepsia |
| Genital/Reproductive System: | burning, irritation, pain and rash of the female genitalia; dysmenorrhea; menorrhagia; metrorrhagia |
| Musculoskeletal System: | arthralgia, myalgia |
| Nervous System: | seizures, anxiety, cognitive change, depression, dream abnormality, euphoria, hallucinations, paresthesia, syncope, vertigo, tremor, confusion |
| Nutritional/Metabolic: | thirst, weight loss |
| Respiratory System: | respiratory arrest, cough, rhinorrhea |
| Skin/Hypersensitivity: | angioedema, diaphoresis, urticaria, vasculitis |
| Special Senses: | decreased hearing acuity, tinnitus, photophobia |
| Urinary System: | dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary retention |
| Hematopoietic: | anemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, increased band forms, lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, elevated ESR |
| Hepatic: | elevated: alkaline phosphatase, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT) |
| Serum Chemistry: | hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, elevated creatinine, elevated BUN |
| Urinary: | glucosuria, proteinuria, alkalinuria, hyposthenuria, hematuria, pyuria |
| Cardiovascular System: | cerebral thrombosis, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, hypotension/shock, syncope, torsades de pointes |
| Endocrine/Metabolic: | hyper- or hypoglycemia, especially in diabetic patients on insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents (see PRECAUTIONS, General and Drug Interactions). |
| Gastrointestinal System: | hepatic dysfunction including: hepatic necrosis, jaundice (cholestatic or hepatocellular), hepatitis; intestinal perforation; hepatic failure (including fatal cases); pseudomembranous colitis (the onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or after antimicrobial treatment), GI hemorrhage; hiccough, painful oral mucosa, pyrosis (see WARNINGS). |
| Genital/Reproductive System: | vaginal candidiasis |
| Hematopoietic: | anemia, including hemolytic and aplastic; hemorrhage, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, reversible bone marrow depression, thrombocytopenia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, petechiae, ecchymosis/bruising (see WARNINGS). |
| Musculoskeletal: | tendinitis/ rupture; weakness; rhabdomyolysis (see WARNINGS). |
| Nervous System: | nightmares; suicidal thoughts or acts, disorientation, psychotic reactions, paranoia; phobia, agitation, restlessness, aggressiveness/hostility, manic reaction, emotional lability; peripheral neuropathy that may be irreversible, ataxia, incoordination; exacerbation of myasthenia gravis and extrapyramidal disorders; dysphasia, lightheadedness (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS). |
| Respiratory System: | dyspnea, bronchospasm, allergic pneumonitis, stridor (see WARNINGS). |
| Skin/Hypersensitivity: | anaphylactic (-toid) reactions/shock; purpura, serum sickness, erythema multiforme/Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, toxic epidermal necrolysis, conjunctivitis, photosensitivity/phototoxicity reaction, vesiculobullous eruption (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS). |
| Special Senses: | diplopia, nystagmus, blurred vision, disturbances of: taste, smell, hearing and equilibrium, usually reversible following discontinuation |
| Urinary System: | anuria, polyuria, renal calculi, renal failure, interstitial nephritis, hematuria (see WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS). |
| Hematopoietic: | prolongation of prothrombin time |
| Serum Chemistry: | acidosis, elevation of: serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, serum potassium, liver function tests including: GGTP, LDH, bilirubin |
| Urinary: | albuminuria, candiduria |
Drug Interactions:
Drug interactions antacids, sucralfate, metal cations, multivitamins: quinolones form chelates with alkaline earth and transition metal cations. administration of quinolones with antacids containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum, with sucralfate, with divalent or trivalent cations such as iron, or with multivitamins containing zinc or with didanosine, chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution may substantially interfere with the absorption of quinolones resulting in systemic levels considerably lower than desired. these agents should not be taken within the two-hour period before or within the two-hour period after ofloxacin administration (see dosage and administration ). caffeine: interactions between ofloxacin and caffeine have not been detected. cimetidine: cimetidine has demonstrated interference with the elimination of some quinolones. this interference has resulted in significant increases in half-life and auc of some quinolones. the potential for int
Read more...eraction between ofloxacin and cimetidine has not been studied. cyclosporine: elevated serum levels of cyclosporine have been reported with concomitant use of cyclosporine with some other quinolones. the potential for interaction between ofloxacin and cyclosporine has not been studied. drugs metabolized by cytochrome p450 enzymes: most quinolone antimicrobial drugs inhibit cytochrome p450 enzyme activity. this may result in a prolonged half-life for some drugs that are also metabolized by this system (e.g., cyclosporine, theophylline/methylxanthines, warfarin) when coadministered with quinolones. the extent of this inhibition varies among different quinolones (see other drug interactions ). non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the concomitant administration of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with a quinolone, including ofloxacin, may increase the risk of cns stimulation and convulsive seizures (see warnings and precautions, general ). probenecid: the concomitant use of probenecid with certain other quinolones has been reported to affect renal tubular secretion. the effect of probenecid on the elimination of ofloxacin has not been studied. theophylline: steady-state theophylline levels may increase when ofloxacin and theophylline are administered concurrently. as with other quinolones, concomitant administration of ofloxacin may prolong the half-life of theophylline, elevate serum theophylline levels, and increase the risk of theophylline-related adverse reactions. theophylline levels should be closely monitored and theophylline dosage adjustments made, if appropriate, when ofloxacin is co administered. adverse reactions (including seizures) may occur with or without an elevation in the serum theophylline level (see warnings and precautions, general ). warfarin: some quinolones have been reported to enhance the effects of the oral anticoagulant warfarin or its derivatives. therefore, if a quinolone antimicrobial is administered concomitantly with warfarin or its derivatives, the prothrombin time or other suitable coagulation test should be closely monitored. antidiabetic agents (e.g., insulin, glyburide/glibenclamide): since disturbances of blood glucose, including hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, have been reported in patients treated concurrently with quinolones and an antidiabetic agent, careful monitoring of blood glucose is recommended when these agents are used concomitantly (see precautions, general and information for patients ). interaction with laboratory or diagnostic testing some quinolones, including ofloxacin, may produce false-positive urine screening results for opiates using commercially available immunoassay kits. confirmation of positive opiate screens by more specific methods may be necessary. carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, impairment of fertility long-term studies to determine the carcinogenic potential of ofloxacin have not been conducted. ofloxacin was not mutagenic in the ames bacterial test, in vitro and in vivo cytogenetic assay, sister chromatid exchange (chinese hamster and human cell lines), unscheduled dna repair (uds) using human fibroblasts, dominant lethal assays, or mouse micronucleus assay. ofloxacin was positive in the uds test using rat hepatocytes and mouse lymphoma assay.
Use in Pregnancy:
Pregnancy teratogenic effects pregnancy category c ofloxacin has not been shown to have any teratogenic effects at oral doses as high as 810 mg/kg/day (11 times the recommended maximum human dose based on mg/m 2 or 50 times based on mg/kg) and 160 mg/kg/day (4 times the recommended maximum human dose based on mg/m 2 or 10 times based on mg/kg) when administered to pregnant rats and rabbits, respectively. additional studies in rats with oral doses up to 360 mg/kg/day (5 times the recommended maximum human dose based on mg/m 2 or 23 times based on mg/kg) demonstrated no adverse effect on late fetal development, labor, delivery, lactation, neonatal viability, or growth of the newborn. doses equivalent to 50 and 10 times the recommended maximum human dose of ofloxacin (based on mg/kg) were fetotoxic (i.e., decreased fetal body weight and increased fetal mortality) in rats and rabbits, respectively. minor skeletal variations were reported in rats receiving doses of 810 mg/kg/day, which is m
Read more...ore than 10 times higher than the recommended maximum human dose based on mg/m 2 . there are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. ofloxacin should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus (see warnings ).
Pediatric Use:
Pediatric use safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients and adolescents below the age of 18 years have not been established. ofloxacin causes arthropathy (arthrosis) and osteochondrosis in juvenile animals of several species (see warnings ).
Geriatric Use:
Geriatric use epidemiologic studies report an increased rate of aortic aneurysm and dissection within two months following use of fluoroquinolones, particularly in elderly patients (see warnings, risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection ) geriatric patients are at increased risk for developing severe tendon disorders including tendon rupture when being treated with a fluoroquinolone such as ofloxacin. this risk is further increased in patients receiving concomitant corticosteroid therapy. tendinitis or tendon rupture can involve the achilles, hand, shoulder, or other tendon sites and can occur during or after completion of therapy; cases occurring up to several months after fluoroquinolone treatment have been reported. caution should be used when prescribing ofloxacin to elderly patients especially those on corticosteroids. patients should be informed of this potential side effect and advised to discontinue ofloxacin and contact their healthcare provider if any symptoms of tendinitis or tendon rupture occur (see boxed warning ; warnings ; and adverse reactions , postmarketing adverse event reports ). in phase 2/3 clinical trials with ofloxacin, 688 patients (14.2%) were ⥠65 years of age. of these, 436 patients (9.0%) were between the ages of 65 and 74 and 252 patients (5.2%) were 75 years or older. there was no apparent difference in the frequency or severity of adverse reactions in elderly adults compared with younger adults. the pharmacokinetic properties of ofloxacin in elderly subjects are similar to those in younger subjects. drug absorption appears to be unaffected by age. dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance rate ⤠50 ml/min) due to reduced clearance of ofloxacin. in comparative studies, the frequency and severity of most drug-related nervous system events in patients ⥠65 years of age were comparable for ofloxacin and control drugs. the only differences identified were an increase in reports of insomnia (3.9% vs 1.5%) and headache (4.7% vs 1.8%) with ofloxacin. it is important to note that these geriatric safety data are extracted from 44 comparative studies where the adverse reaction information from 20 different controls (other antibiotics or placebo) were pooled for comparison with ofloxacin. the clinical significance of such a comparison is not clear (see clinical pharmacology and dosage and administration ). elderly patients may be more sensitive to drug-associated effects on the qt interval. therefore, precaution should be taken when using ofloxacin with concomitant drugs that can result in prolongation of the qt interval (e.g., class ia or class iii antiarrhythmics) or in patients with risk factors for torsade de pointes (e.g., known qt prolongation, uncorrected hypokalemia) (see precautions, general , torsades de pointes ).
Overdosage:
Overdosage information on overdosage with ofloxacin is limited. one incident of accidental overdosage has been reported. in this case, an adult female received 3 grams of ofloxacin intravenously over 45 minutes. a blood sample obtained 15 minutes after the completion of the infusion revealed an ofloxacin level of 39.3 mcg/ml. in 7 h, the level had fallen to 16.2 mcg/ml, and by 24 h to 2.7 mcg/ml. during the infusion, the patient developed drowsiness, nausea, dizziness, hot and cold flushes, subjective facial swelling and numbness, slurring of speech, and mild to moderate disorientation. all complaints except the dizziness subsided within 1 h after discontinuation of the infusion. the dizziness, most bothersome while standing, resolved in approximately 9 h. laboratory testing reportedly revealed no clinically significant changes in routine parameters in this patient. in the event of an acute overdose, the stomach should be emptied. the patient should be observed and appropriate hydration maintained. ofloxacin is not efficiently removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Description:
Description ofloxacin tablets are a synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent for oral administration. chemically, ofloxacin,usp, a fluorinated carboxyquinolone, is the racemate, (±)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7 h- pyrido[1,2,3- de ]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid. the chemical structure is: c 18 h 20 fn 3 o 4 mw= 361.4 ofloxacin, usp is an off-white to pale yellow crystalline powder. the molecule exists as a zwitterion at the ph conditions in the small intestine. the relative solubility characteristics of ofloxacin, usp at room temperature, as defined by usp nomenclature, indicate that ofloxacin, usp is considered to be soluble in aqueous solutions with ph between 2 and 5. it is sparingly to slightly soluble in aqueous solutions with ph 7 (solubility falls to 4 mg/ml) and freely soluble in aqueous solutions with ph above 9. ofloxacin, usp has the potential to form stable coordination compounds with many metal ions. this in vitro chelation potential has the following formation order: fe +3 > al +3 > cu +2 > ni +2 > pb +2 > zn +2 > mg +2 > ca +2 > ba +2 . figure-01
Clinical Pharmacology:
Clinical pharmacology following oral administration, the bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98%. maximum serum concentrations are achieved one to two hours after an oral dose. absorption of ofloxacin after single or multiple doses of 200 to 400 mg is predictable, and the amount of drug absorbed increases proportionately with the dose. ofloxacin has biphasic elimination. following multiple oral doses at steady-state administration, the half-lives are approximately 4 to 5 hours and 20 to 25 hours. however, the longer half-life represents less than 5% of the total auc. accumulation at steady-state can be estimated using a half-life of 9 hours. the total clearance and volume of distribution are approximately similar after single or multiple doses. elimination is mainly by renal excretion. the following are mean peak serum concentrations in healthy 70 to 80 kg male volunteers after single oral doses of 200, 300, or 400 mg of ofloxacin or after multiple o
Read more...ral doses of 400 mg. oral dose serum concentration 2 hours after admin. (mcg /ml) area under the curve (auc (0-â) ) (mcgâ¢h/ml) 200 mg single dose 1.5 14.1 300 mg single dose 2.4 21.2 400 mg single dose 2.9 31.4 400 mg steady-state 4.6 61.0 steady-state concentrations were attained after four oral doses, and the area under the curve (auc) was approximately 40% higher than the auc after single doses. therefore, after multiple-dose administration of 200 mg and 300 mg doses, peak serum levels of 2.2 mcg/ml and 3.6 mcg/ml, respectively, are predicted at steady-state. in vitro , approximately 32% of the drug in plasma is protein bound. the single dose and steady-state plasma profiles of ofloxacin injection were comparable in extent of exposure (auc) to those of ofloxacin tablets when the injectable and tablet formulations of ofloxacin were administered in equal doses (mg/mg) to the same group of subjects. the mean steady-state auc (0 to 12) attained after the intravenous administration of 400 mg over 60 min was 43.5 mcgâ¢h/ml; the mean steady-state auc (0 to 12) attained after the oral administration of 400 mg was 41.2 mcgâ¢h/ml (two one-sided t-test, 90% confidence interval was 103 to 109) (see following chart). between 0 and 6 h following the administration of a single 200 mg oral dose of ofloxacin to 12 healthy volunteers, the average urine ofloxacin concentration was approximately 220 mcg/ml. between 12 and 24 hours after administration, the average urine ofloxacin level was approximately 34 mcg/ml. following oral administration of recommended therapeutic doses, ofloxacin has been detected in blister fluid, cervix, lung tissue, ovary, prostatic fluid, prostatic tissue, skin, and sputum. the mean concentration of ofloxacin in each of these various body fluids and tissues after one or more doses was 0.8 to 1.5 times the concurrent plasma level. inadequate data are presently available on the distribution or levels of ofloxacin in the cerebrospinal fluid or brain tissue. ofloxacin has a pyridobenzoxazine ring that appears to decrease the extent of parent compound metabolism. between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing. studies indicate that less than 5% of an administered dose is recovered in the urine as the desmethyl or n-oxide metabolites. four to eight percent of an ofloxacin dose is excreted in the feces. this indicates a small degree of biliary excretion of ofloxacin. the administration of ofloxacin tablets with food does not affect the c max and auc â of the drug, but t max is prolonged. clearance of ofloxacin is reduced in patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance rate ⤠50 ml/min), and dosage adjustment is necessary (see precautions, general and dosage and administration ). following oral administration to healthy elderly subjects (65 to 81 years of age), maximum plasma concentrations are usually achieved one to two hours after single and multiple twice-daily doses, indicating that the rate of oral absorption is unaffected by age or gender. mean peak plasma concentrations in elderly subjects were 9 to 21% higher than those observed in younger subjects. gender differences in the pharmacokinetic properties of elderly subjects have been observed. peak plasma concentrations were 114% and 54% higher in elderly females compared to elderly males following single and multiple twice-daily doses. [this interpretation was based on study results collected from two separate studies.] plasma concentrations increase dose-dependently with the increase in doses after single oral dose and at steady-state. no differences were observed in the volume of distribution values between elderly and younger subjects. as in younger subjects, elimination is mainly by renal excretion as unchanged drug in elderly subjects, although less drug is recovered from renal excretion in elderly subjects. consistent with younger subjects, less than 5% of an administered dose was recovered in the urine as the desmethyl and n-oxide metabolites in the elderly. a longer plasma half-life of approximately 6.4 to 7.4 hours was observed in elderly subjects, compared with 4 to 5 hours for young subjects. slower elimination of ofloxacin is observed in elderly subjects as compared with younger subjects which may be attributable to the reduced renal function and renal clearance observed in the elderly subjects. because ofloxacin is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients with impaired renal function as recommended for all patients (see precautions, general and dosage and administration ). figure-02
How Supplied:
How supplied ofloxacin tablets, usp 400 mg are white, modified capsule shaped, biconvex film coated tablets. each tablet is distinguished by an imprint of âll713â on one side and blank on the other side. they are available in bottles of 100 tablets (ndc 68047-713-01) and 20 tablets (ndc 68047-713-20). ofloxacin tablets, usp should be stored in well-closed containers. store at 20°-25°c (68°-77°f) [see usp controlled room temperature]. dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the usp, with a child-resistant closure (as required). keep this and all medications out of the reach of children.
Information for Patients:
Information for patients advise the patient to read the fda-approved patient labeling (medication guide). serious adverse reactions advise patients to stop taking ofloxacin if they experience an adverse reaction and to call their healthcare provider for advice on completing the full course of treatment with another antibacterial drug. inform patients of the following serious adverse reactions that have been associated with ofloxacin or other fluoroquinolone use: disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions that may occur together: inform patients that disabling and potentially irreversible serious adverse reactions, includingtendinitis and tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathies, and central nervous system effects, havebeen associated with use of ofloxacin and may occur together in the same patient. inform patients to stop taking ofloxacin immediately if they experience an adverse reaction and to calltheir healthcare provider. tendon disorders: instruct patients to
Read more...contact their healthcare provider if they experience pain, swelling, or inflammation of a tendon, or weakness or inability to use one of their joints; rest and refrain from exercise; and discontinue ofloxacin treatment. the risk of severe tendon disorders with fluoroquinolones is higher in older patients usually over 60 years of age, in patients taking corticosteroid drugs, and in patients with kidney, heart or lung transplants. peripheral neuropathies: inform patients that peripheral neuropathies have been associated with the use of ofloxacin, that symptoms may occur soon after initiation of therapy and may be irreversible. if symptoms of peripheral neuropathy including pain, burning, tingling, numbness, and/or weakness develop, patients should immediately discontinue ofloxacin and contact their physicians. central nervous system effects (for example, convulsions, dizziness, lightheadedness, increased intracranial pressure): inform patients that convulsions have been reported in patients receiving fluoroquinolones, including ofloxacin. instruct patients to notify their physician before taking this drug if they have a history of convulsions. inform patients that they should know how they react to ofloxacin before they operate an automobile or machinery or engage in other activities requiring mental alertness and coordination. instruct patients to notify their physician if persistent headache with or without blurred vision occurs. myasthenia gravis: inform patients that fluoroquinolones like ofloxacin may cause worsening of myasthenia gravis symptoms, including muscle weakness and breathing problems. patients should call their healthcare provider right away if you have any worsening muscle weakness or breathing problems. hypersensitivity reactions: inform patients that ofloxacin can cause hypersensitivity reactions, even following a single dose, and to discontinue the drug at the first sign of a skin rash, hives or other skin reactions, a rapid heartbeat, difficulty in swallowing or breathing, any swelling suggesting angioedema (for example, swelling of the lips, tongue, face, tightness of the throat, hoarseness), or other symptoms of an allergic reaction. hepatotoxicity: inform patients that severe hepatotoxicity (including acute hepatitis and fatal events) has been reported in patients taking ofloxacin. instruct patients to inform their physician if they experience any signs or symptoms of liver injury including: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fever, weakness, tiredness, right upper quadrant tenderness, itching, yellowing of the skin and eyes, light colored bowel movements or dark colored urine. diarrhea: diarrhea is a common problem caused by antibiotics which usually ends when the antibiotic is discontinued. sometimes after starting treatment with antibiotics, patients can develop watery and bloody stools (with or without stomach cramps and fever) even as late as two or more months after having taken the last dose of the antibiotic. if this occurs, instruct patients to contact their physician as soon as possible. photosensitivity/phototoxicity: inform patients that photosensitivity/phototoxicity has been reported in patients receiving fluoroquinolones. patients should minimize or avoid exposure to natural or artificial sunlight (tanning beds or uva/b treatment) while taking quinolones. if patients need to be outdoors while using quinolones, they should wear loosefitting clothes that protect skin from sun exposure and discuss other sun protection measures with their physician. if a sunburn-like reaction or skin eruption occurs, patients should contact their physician. other information patients should be advised: to drink fluids liberally. that mineral supplements, vitamins with iron or minerals, calcium-, aluminum- or magnesium based antacids, sucralfate or didanosine, chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution should not be taken within the two-hour period before or within the two-hour period after taking ofloxacin (see drug interactions ); that ofloxacin can be taken without regard to meals; patients should be counseled that antibacterial drugs including ofloxacin tablets should only be used to treat bacterial infections. they do not treat viral infections (e.g., the common cold). when ofloxacin tablets are prescribed to treat a bacterial infection, patients should be told that although it is common to feel better early in the course of therapy, the medication should be taken exactly as directed. skipping doses or not completing the full course of therapy may (1) decrease the effectiveness of the immediate treatment and (2) increase the likelihood that bacteria will develop resistance and will not be treatable by ofloxacin tablets or other antibacterial drugs in the future.; that if they are diabetic and are being treated with insulin or an oral hypoglycemic drug, to discontinue ofloxacin immediately if a hypoglycemic reaction occurs and consult a physician (see precautions, general and drug interactions ); that convulsions have been reported in patients taking quinolones, including ofloxacin, and to notify their physician before taking this drug if there is a history of this condition; to inform their physician of any personal or family history of qt c prolongation or proarrhythmic conditions such as hypokalemia, bradycardia, or recent myocardial ischemia; if they are taking any class ia (quinidine, procainamide), or class iii (amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic agents. patients should notify their physicians if they have any symptoms of prolongation of the qt c interval including prolonged heart palpitations or a loss of consciousness. aortic aneurysm and dissection: inform patients to seek emergency medical care if they experience sudden chest, stomach, or back pain.
Package Label Principal Display Panel:
Principal display panel 20 ct. bottle label for ofloxacin tablets, usp 400 mg figure-04