ly significant drug interactions in patients receiving fluticasone propionate products, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, with ritonavir, resulting in systemic corticosteroid effects including cushing’s syndrome and adrenal suppression. ketoconazole coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg) and ketoconazole (200 mg once daily) resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure and a 45% decrease in plasma cortisol area under the curve (auc), but had no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol.

npox or measles can occur in susceptible patients. (5.4) • hypercorticism and adrenal suppression may occur with very high dosages or at the regular dosage in susceptible individuals. if such changes occur, discontinue fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp slowly. (5.5) • monitor growth of pediatric patients. (5.7) 5.1 local nasal effects epistaxis in clinical trials of 2 to 26 weeks’ duration, epistaxis was observed more frequently in subjects treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp than those who received placebo [ see adverse reactions (6.1) ]. nasal ulceration postmarketing cases of nasal ulceration have been reported in patients treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp [ see adverse reactions (6.2) ]. candida infection in clinical trials with fluticasone propionate administered intranasally, the development of localized infections of the nose and pharynx with candida albicans has occurred. when such an infection develops, it may require treatment with appropriate local therapy and discontinuation of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp. patients using fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp over several months or longer should be examined periodically for evidence of candida infection or other signs of adverse effects on the nasal mucosa. nasal septal perforation postmarketing cases of nasal septal perforation have been reported in patients treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp [ see adverse reactions (6.2) ]. impaired wound healing because of the inhibitory effect of corticosteroids on wound healing, patients who have experienced recent nasal ulcers, nasal surgery, or nasal trauma should avoid using fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp until healing has occurred. 5.2 glaucoma and cataracts use of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids may result in the development of glaucoma and/or cataracts. therefore, close monitoring is warranted in patients with a change in vision or with a history of increased intraocular pressure, glaucoma, and/or cataracts. consider referral to an ophthalmologist in patients who develop ocular symptoms or use fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp long-term. 5.3 hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis, angioedema, urticaria, contact dermatitis, and rash) have been reported after administration of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp. discontinue fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp if such reactions occur [ see contraindications (4) ]. rarely, immediate hypersensitivity reactions may occur after the administration of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp. 5.4 immunosuppression persons who are using drugs that suppress the immune system are more susceptible to infections than healthy individuals. chickenpox and measles, for example, can have a more serious or even fatal course in susceptible children or adults using corticosteroids. in such children or adults who have not had these diseases or been properly immunized, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. how the dose, route, and duration of corticosteroid administration affect the risk of developing a disseminated infection is not known. the contribution of the underlying disease and/or prior corticosteroid treatment to the risk is also not known. if a patient is exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin (vzig) may be indicated. if a patient is exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin (ig) may be indicated. (see the complete prescribing information for vzig and ig.) if chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered. intranasal corticosteroids should be used with caution, if at all, in patients with active or quiescent tuberculous infections of the respiratory tract; systemic fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; or ocular herpes simplex. 5.5 hypercorticism and adrenal suppression when intranasal corticosteroids are used at higher than recommended dosages or in susceptible individuals at recommended dosages, systemic corticosteroid effects such as hypercorticism and adrenal suppression may appear. if such changes occur, the dosage of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp should be discontinued slowly consistent with accepted procedures for discontinuing oral corticosteroid therapy. the replacement of a systemic corticosteroid with a topical corticosteroid can be accompanied by signs of adrenal insufficiency. in addition, some patients may experience symptoms of corticosteroid withdrawal (e.g., joint and/or muscular pain, lassitude, depression). patients previously treated for prolonged periods with systemic corticosteroids and transferred to topical corticosteroids should be carefully monitored for acute adrenal insufficiency in response to stress. in patients who have asthma or other clinical conditions requiring long-term systemic corticosteroid treatment, rapid decreases in systemic corticosteroid dosages may cause a severe exacerbation of their symptoms. 5.6 drug interactions with strong cytochrome p450 3a4 inhibitors the use of strong cytochrome p450 3a4 (cyp3a4) inhibitors (e.g., ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, ketoconazole, telithromycin, conivaptan, lopinavir, nefazodone, voriconazole) with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp is not recommended because increased systemic corticosteroid adverse effects may occur [ see drug interactions (7.1) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. 5.7 effect on growth intranasal corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity when administered to pediatric patients [ see use in specific populations (8.4) ]. monitor the growth routinely of pediatric patients receiving fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp. to minimize the systemic effects of intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, titrate each patient’s dose to the lowest dosage that effectively controls his/her symptoms [ see dosage and administration (2) , use in specific populations (8.4) ].

each) in each nostril once daily (total daily dose, 200 mcg). the same total daily dose, 1 spray in each nostril administered twice daily (e.g., 8 a.m. and 8 p.m.) is also effective. after the first few days, patients may be able to reduce their dose to 1 spray in each nostril once daily for maintenance therapy. maximum total daily doses should not exceed 2 sprays in each nostril (total dose, 200 mcg/day). there is no evidence that exceeding the recommended dose is more effective. 2.2 adolescents and children (aged 4 years and older) the recommended starting dosage in adolescents and children, aged 4 years and older is 1 spray in each nostril once daily (total daily dose, 100 mcg). patients not adequately responding to 1 spray in each nostril may use 2 sprays in each nostril once daily (total daily dose, 200 mcg). once adequate control is achieved, the dosage should be decreased to 1 spray in each nostril once daily. the maximum total daily dosage should not exceed 2 sprays in each nostril (200 mcg/day). there is no evidence that exceeding the recommended dose is more effective.

t be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. in controlled u.s. clinical trials, more than 3,300 subjects with allergic and nonallergic rhinitis received treatment with intranasal fluticasone propionate. in general, adverse reactions in clinical trials have been primarily associated with irritation of the nasal mucous membranes, and the adverse reactions were reported with approximately the same frequency by subjects treated with placebo. less than 2% of subjects in clinical trials discontinued because of adverse reactions; this rate was similar for vehicle placebo and active comparators. the safety data described below are based on 7 placebo-controlled clinical trials in subjects with allergic rhinitis. the 7 trials included 536 subjects (57 girls and 108 boys aged 4 to 11 years, 137 female and 234 male adolescents and adults) treated with fluticasone propionate 200 mcg once daily over 2 to 4 weeks and 2 placebo-controlled clinical trials which included 246 subjects (119 female and 127 male adolescents and adults) treated with fluticasone propionate 200 mcg once daily over 6 months (table 1). also included in table 1 are adverse reactions from 2 trials in which 167 children (45 girls and 122 boys aged 4 to 11 years) were treated with fluticasone propionate 100 mcg once daily for 2 to 4 weeks. table 1. adverse reactions with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp with >3% incidence and more common than placebo in subjects ≥4 years with allergic rhinitis adverse reaction fluticasone propionate 100 mcg once daily (n = 167) % fluticasone propionate 200 mcg once daily (n = 782) % placebo (n = 758) % headache pharyngitis epistaxis nasal burning/nasal irritation nausea/vomiting asthma symptoms cough 6.6 6.0 6.0 2.4 4.8 7.2 3.6 16.1 7.8 6.9 3.2 2.6 3.3 3.8 14.6 7.2 5.4 2.6 2.0 2.9 2.8 other adverse reactions with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp observed with an incidence less than or equal to 3% but greater than or equal to 1% and more common than with placebo included: blood in nasal mucus, runny nose, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, flu-like symptoms, aches and pains, dizziness, and bronchitis. 6.2 postmarketing experience in addition to adverse events reported from clinical trials, the following adverse events have been identified during postapproval use of intranasal fluticasone propionate. because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. these events have been chosen for inclusion due to either their seriousness, frequency of reporting, or causal connection to fluticasone propionate or a combination of these factors. general disorders and administration site conditions hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema, skin rash, edema of the face and tongue, pruritus, urticaria, bronchospasm, wheezing, dyspnea, and anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reactions, which in rare instances were severe. ear and labyrinth disorders alteration or loss of sense of taste and/or smell and, rarely, nasal septal perforation, nasal ulcer, sore throat, throat irritation and dryness, cough, hoarseness, and voice changes. eye disorders dryness and irritation, conjunctivitis, blurred vision, glaucoma, increased intraocular pressure, and cataracts. cases of growth suppression have been reported for intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate [ see warnings and precautions (5.7) ].

ly significant drug interactions in patients receiving fluticasone propionate products, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, with ritonavir, resulting in systemic corticosteroid effects including cushing’s syndrome and adrenal suppression. ketoconazole coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg) and ketoconazole (200 mg once daily) resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure and a 45% decrease in plasma cortisol area under the curve (auc), but had no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol.

an humans. the estimated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. all pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. in the u.s. general population, the estimated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. data human data : following inhaled administration, fluticasone propionate was detected in the neonatal cord blood after delivery. animal data : in embryofetal development studies with pregnant rats and mice dosed by the subcutaneous route throughout the period of organogenesis, fluticasone propionate was teratogenic in both species. omphalocele, decreased body weight, and skeletal variations were observed in rat fetuses, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at a dose approximately 5 times the mrhdid of 200 mcg/day (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 100 mcg/kg/day). the rat no observed adverse effect level (noael) was observed at approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 30 mcg/kg/day). cleft palate and fetal skeletal variations were observed in mouse fetuses at a dose approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 45 mcg/kg/day). the mouse noael was observed with a dose approximately 0.3 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 15 mcg/kg/day). in an embryofetal development study with pregnant rats dosed by the nose-only inhalation route throughout the period of organogenesis, fluticasone propionate produced decreased fetal body weights and skeletal variations, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at a dose approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal nose-only inhalation dose of 25.7 mcg/kg/day); however, there was no evidence of teratogenicity. the noael was observed with a dose approximately 0.25 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal nose-only inhalation dose of 5.5 mcg/ kg/day). in an embryofetal development study in pregnant rabbits that were dosed by the subcutaneous route throughout organogenesis, fluticasone propionate produced reductions of fetal body weights, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at doses approximately 0.06 times the mrhdid and higher (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 0.57 mcg/kg/day). teratogenicity was evident based upon a finding of cleft palate for 1 fetus at a dose 0.39 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 4 mcg/kg/day). the noael was observed in rabbit fetuses with a dose approximately 0.01 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 0.08 mcg/kg/ day). fluticasone propionate crossed the placenta following subcutaneous administration to mice and rats and oral administration to rabbits. in a pre- and post-natal development study in pregnant rats dosed from late gestation through delivery and lactation (gestation day 17 to postpartum day 22), fluticasone propionate was not associated with decreases in pup body weight, and had no effects on developmental landmarks, learning, memory, reflexes, or fertility at doses up to 2 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with maternal subcutaneous doses up to 50 mcg/kg/day). 8.2 lactation risk summary there are no available data on the presence of fluticasone propionate in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. low concentrations of other corticosteroids have been detected in human milk. the developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for fluticasone propionate and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from fluticasone propionate or from the underlying maternal condition. data animal data: subcutaneous administration of tritiated fluticasone propionate at a dose of 10 mcg/kg/day to lactating rats resulted in measurable levels in milk. 8.4 pediatric use the safety and effectiveness of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp in children aged 4 years and older have been established [ see adverse reactions (6.1) , clinical pharmacology (12.3) ]. six hundred fifty (650) subjects aged 4 to 11 years and 440 subjects aged 12 to 17 years were studied in us clinical trials with fluticasone propionate nasal spray. the safety and effectiveness of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp in children younger than 4 years have not been established. effects on growth controlled clinical trials have shown that intranasal corticosteroids may cause a reduction in growth velocity when administered to pediatric patients. this effect was observed in the absence of laboratory evidence of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis suppression, suggesting that growth velocity is a more sensitive indicator of systemic corticosteroid exposure in pediatric patients than some commonly used tests of hpa axis function. the long-term effects of this reduction in growth velocity associated with intranasal corticosteroids, including the impact on final adult height, are unknown. the potential for “catch-up” growth following discontinuation of treatment with intranasal corticosteroids has not been adequately studied. the growth of pediatric patients receiving intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, should be monitored routinely (e.g., via stadiometry). the potential growth effects of prolonged treatment should be weighed against the clinical benefits obtained and the risks associated with alternative therapies. to minimize the systemic effects of intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, each patient’s dosage should be titrated to the lowest dosage that effectively controls his/her symptoms. a 1-year placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 150 pediatric subjects (aged 3 to 9 years) to assess the effect of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp (single daily dose of 200 mcg) on growth velocity. from the primary population receiving fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp (n = 56) and placebo (n = 52), the point estimate for growth velocity with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp was 0.14 cm/year lower than placebo (95% ci: -0.54, 0.27 cm/year). thus, no statistically significant effect on growth was noted compared with placebo. no evidence of clinically relevant changes in hpa axis function or bone mineral density was observed as assessed by 12-hour urinary cortisol excretion and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. the potential for fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp to cause growth suppression in susceptible patients or when given at higher than recommended dosages cannot be ruled out. 8.5 geriatric use a limited number of subjects aged 65 years and older (n = 129) or 75 years and older (n = 11) have been treated with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp in clinical trials. while the number of subjects is too small to permit separate analysis of efficacy and safety, the adverse reactions reported in this population were similar to those reported by younger patients. in general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. 8.6 hepatic impairment formal pharmacokinetic trials using fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp have not been conducted in subjects with hepatic impairment. since fluticasone propionate is predominantly cleared by hepatic metabolism, impairment of liver function may lead to accumulation of fluticasone propionate in plasma. therefore, patients with hepatic disease should be closely monitored. 8.7 renal impairment formal pharmacokinetic trials using fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp have not been conducted in subjects with renal impairment.

ll pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. in the u.s. general population, the estimated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. data human data : following inhaled administration, fluticasone propionate was detected in the neonatal cord blood after delivery. animal data : in embryofetal development studies with pregnant rats and mice dosed by the subcutaneous route throughout the period of organogenesis, fluticasone propionate was teratogenic in both species. omphalocele, decreased body weight, and skeletal variations were observed in rat fetuses, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at a dose approximately 5 times the mrhdid of 200 mcg/day (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 100 mcg/kg/day). the rat no observed adverse effect level (noael) was observed at approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 30 mcg/kg/day). cleft palate and fetal skeletal variations were observed in mouse fetuses at a dose approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 45 mcg/kg/day). the mouse noael was observed with a dose approximately 0.3 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 15 mcg/kg/day). in an embryofetal development study with pregnant rats dosed by the nose-only inhalation route throughout the period of organogenesis, fluticasone propionate produced decreased fetal body weights and skeletal variations, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at a dose approximately equivalent to the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal nose-only inhalation dose of 25.7 mcg/kg/day); however, there was no evidence of teratogenicity. the noael was observed with a dose approximately 0.25 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal nose-only inhalation dose of 5.5 mcg/ kg/day). in an embryofetal development study in pregnant rabbits that were dosed by the subcutaneous route throughout organogenesis, fluticasone propionate produced reductions of fetal body weights, in the presence of maternal toxicity, at doses approximately 0.06 times the mrhdid and higher (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 0.57 mcg/kg/day). teratogenicity was evident based upon a finding of cleft palate for 1 fetus at a dose 0.39 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 4 mcg/kg/day). the noael was observed in rabbit fetuses with a dose approximately 0.01 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with a maternal subcutaneous dose of 0.08 mcg/kg/ day). fluticasone propionate crossed the placenta following subcutaneous administration to mice and rats and oral administration to rabbits. in a pre- and post-natal development study in pregnant rats dosed from late gestation through delivery and lactation (gestation day 17 to postpartum day 22), fluticasone propionate was not associated with decreases in pup body weight, and had no effects on developmental landmarks, learning, memory, reflexes, or fertility at doses up to 2 times the mrhdid (on a mcg/m 2 basis with maternal subcutaneous doses up to 50 mcg/kg/day).

reduction in growth velocity associated with intranasal corticosteroids, including the impact on final adult height, are unknown. the potential for “catch-up” growth following discontinuation of treatment with intranasal corticosteroids has not been adequately studied. the growth of pediatric patients receiving intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, should be monitored routinely (e.g., via stadiometry). the potential growth effects of prolonged treatment should be weighed against the clinical benefits obtained and the risks associated with alternative therapies. to minimize the systemic effects of intranasal corticosteroids, including fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, each patient’s dosage should be titrated to the lowest dosage that effectively controls his/her symptoms. a 1-year placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 150 pediatric subjects (aged 3 to 9 years) to assess the effect of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp (single daily dose of 200 mcg) on growth velocity. from the primary population receiving fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp (n = 56) and placebo (n = 52), the point estimate for growth velocity with fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp was 0.14 cm/year lower than placebo (95% ci: -0.54, 0.27 cm/year). thus, no statistically significant effect on growth was noted compared with placebo. no evidence of clinically relevant changes in hpa axis function or bone mineral density was observed as assessed by 12-hour urinary cortisol excretion and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. the potential for fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp to cause growth suppression in susceptible patients or when given at higher than recommended dosages cannot be ruled out.

nasal spray, usp has decreased nasal mucosal eosinophils in 66% of patients (35% for placebo) and basophils in 39% of patients (28% for placebo). the direct relationship of these findings to long-term symptom relief is not known. 12.2 pharmacodynamics hpa axis effect the potential systemic effects of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp on the hpa axis were evaluated. fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp given as 200 mcg once daily or 400 mcg twice daily was compared with placebo or oral prednisone 7.5 or 15 mg given in the morning. fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp at either dosage for 4 weeks did not affect the adrenal response to 6-hour cosyntropin stimulation, while both dosages of oral prednisone significantly reduced the response to cosyntropin. cardiac electrophysiology a study specifically designed to evaluate the effect of fluticasone propionate on the qt interval has not been conducted. 12.3 pharmacokinetics the activity of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp is due to the parent drug, fluticasone propionate. due to the low bioavailability by the intranasal route, the majority of the pharmacokinetic data was obtained via other routes of administration. absorption indirect calculations indicate that fluticasone propionate delivered by the intranasal route has an absolute bioavailability averaging less than 2%. trials using oral dosing of labeled and unlabeled drug have demonstrated that the oral systemic bioavailability of fluticasone propionate is negligible (<1%), primarily due to incomplete absorption and presystemic metabolism in the gut and liver. after intranasal treatment of patients with rhinitis for 3 weeks, fluticasone propionate plasma concentrations were above the level of detection (50 pg/ml) only when recommended doses were exceeded and then only in occasional samples at low plasma levels. distribution following intravenous administration, the initial disposition phase for fluticasone propionate was rapid and consistent with its high lipid solubility and tissue binding. the volume of distribution averaged 4.2 l/kg. the percentage of fluticasone propionate bound to human plasma proteins averaged 99%. fluticasone propionate is weakly and reversibly bound to erythrocytes and is not significantly bound to human transcortin. elimination following intravenous dosing, fluticasone propionate showed polyexponential kinetics and had a terminal elimination half-life of approximately 7.8 hours. the total blood clearance of fluticasone propionate is high (average: 1,093 ml/min), with renal clearance accounting for less than 0.02% of the total. metabolism: the only circulating metabolite detected in man is the 17β-carboxylic acid derivative of fluticasone propionate, which is formed through the cyp3a4 pathway. this metabolite had less affinity (approximately 1/2,000) than the parent drug for the glucocorticoid receptor of human lung cytosol in vitro and negligible pharmacological activity in animal studies. other metabolites detected in vitro using cultured human hepatoma cells have not been detected in man. excretion: less than 5% of a radiolabeled oral dose was excreted in the urine as metabolites, with the remainder excreted in the feces as parent drug and metabolites. special populations fluticasone propionate nasal spray was not studied in any special populations, and no gender-specific pharmacokinetic data have been obtained. drug interactions inhibitors of cytochrome p450 3a4: ritonavir: fluticasone propionate is a substrate of cyp3a4. coadministration of fluticasone propionate and the strong cyp3a4 inhibitor, ritonavir, is not recommended based upon a multiple-dose, crossover drug interaction trial in 18 healthy subjects. fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (200 mcg once daily) was coadministered for 7 days with ritonavir (100 mg twice daily). plasma fluticasone propionate concentrations following fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray alone were undetectable (<10 pg/ml) in most subjects, and when concentrations were detectable, peak levels (c max ) averaged 11.9 pg/ml (range: 10.8 to 14.1 pg/ml) and auc (0-τ) averaged 8.43 pg•h/ml (range: 4.2 to 18.8 pg•h/ml). fluticasone propionate c max and auc (0-τ) increased to 318 pg/ml (range: 110 to 648 pg/ml) and 3,102.6 pg•h/ml (range: 1,207.1 to 5,662.0 pg•h/ml), respectively, after coadministration of ritonavir with fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray. this significant increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure resulted in a significant decrease (86%) in serum cortisol auc. ketoconazole : coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg) and ketoconazole (200 mg once daily) resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure and a 45% decrease in plasma cortisol auc, but had no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol. erythromycin : in a multiple-dose drug interaction study, coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (500 mcg twice daily) and erythromycin (333 mg 3 times daily) did not affect fluticasone propionate pharmacokinetics.

disposition phase for fluticasone propionate was rapid and consistent with its high lipid solubility and tissue binding. the volume of distribution averaged 4.2 l/kg. the percentage of fluticasone propionate bound to human plasma proteins averaged 99%. fluticasone propionate is weakly and reversibly bound to erythrocytes and is not significantly bound to human transcortin. elimination following intravenous dosing, fluticasone propionate showed polyexponential kinetics and had a terminal elimination half-life of approximately 7.8 hours. the total blood clearance of fluticasone propionate is high (average: 1,093 ml/min), with renal clearance accounting for less than 0.02% of the total. metabolism: the only circulating metabolite detected in man is the 17β-carboxylic acid derivative of fluticasone propionate, which is formed through the cyp3a4 pathway. this metabolite had less affinity (approximately 1/2,000) than the parent drug for the glucocorticoid receptor of human lung cytosol in vitro and negligible pharmacological activity in animal studies. other metabolites detected in vitro using cultured human hepatoma cells have not been detected in man. excretion: less than 5% of a radiolabeled oral dose was excreted in the urine as metabolites, with the remainder excreted in the feces as parent drug and metabolites. special populations fluticasone propionate nasal spray was not studied in any special populations, and no gender-specific pharmacokinetic data have been obtained. drug interactions inhibitors of cytochrome p450 3a4: ritonavir: fluticasone propionate is a substrate of cyp3a4. coadministration of fluticasone propionate and the strong cyp3a4 inhibitor, ritonavir, is not recommended based upon a multiple-dose, crossover drug interaction trial in 18 healthy subjects. fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray (200 mcg once daily) was coadministered for 7 days with ritonavir (100 mg twice daily). plasma fluticasone propionate concentrations following fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray alone were undetectable (<10 pg/ml) in most subjects, and when concentrations were detectable, peak levels (c max ) averaged 11.9 pg/ml (range: 10.8 to 14.1 pg/ml) and auc (0-τ) averaged 8.43 pg•h/ml (range: 4.2 to 18.8 pg•h/ml). fluticasone propionate c max and auc (0-τ) increased to 318 pg/ml (range: 110 to 648 pg/ml) and 3,102.6 pg•h/ml (range: 1,207.1 to 5,662.0 pg•h/ml), respectively, after coadministration of ritonavir with fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray. this significant increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure resulted in a significant decrease (86%) in serum cortisol auc. ketoconazole : coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,000 mcg) and ketoconazole (200 mg once daily) resulted in a 1.9-fold increase in plasma fluticasone propionate exposure and a 45% decrease in plasma cortisol auc, but had no effect on urinary excretion of cortisol. erythromycin : in a multiple-dose drug interaction study, coadministration of orally inhaled fluticasone propionate (500 mcg twice daily) and erythromycin (333 mg 3 times daily) did not affect fluticasone propionate pharmacokinetics.

, usp [ see warnings and precautions (5.2) ]. hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis inform patients that hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, angioedema, urticaria, contact dermatitis, and rash, may occur after administration of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp. if such reactions occur, patients should discontinue use of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp [ see warnings and precautions (5.3) ]. immunosuppression warn patients who are on immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids to avoid exposure to chickenpox or measles and if they are exposed to consult their healthcare provider without delay. inform patients of potential worsening of existing tuberculosis; fungal, bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections; or ocular herpes simplex [ see warnings and precautions (5.4) ]. reduced growth velocity advise parents that fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp may cause a reduction in growth velocity when administered to pediatric patients. physicians should closely follow the growth of children and adolescents taking corticosteroids by any route [ see warnings and precautions (5.7) , pediatric use (8.4) ]. use daily for best effect inform patients that they should use fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp on a regular basis. fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp, like other corticosteroids, does not have an immediate effect on rhinitis symptoms. maximum benefit may not be reached for several days. patients should not increase the prescribed dosage but should contact their healthcare providers if symptoms do not improve or if the condition worsens. keep spray out of eyes and mouth inform patients to avoid spraying fluticasone propionate nasal spray, usp in their eyes and mouth. manufactured by: hi-tech pharmacal co., inc. amityville, ny 11701 made in usa rev.700:05 01/19